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Volume 7: No. 1, January 2010
The figure shows how people are stratified into high, moderate, or average risk categories on the basis of their familial risk for a condition.
A person is considered at high risk if he or she meets any of the following: 1. Premature disease in a first-degree relative. Premature disease is considered coronary artery disease onset age 55 years or younger in men or 65 years or younger in women; stroke, type 2 diabetes, colon or prostate cancer onset 50 years or younger; breast, ovarian, or endometrial cancer onset premenopausal or 50 years or younger. 2. Premature disease in a second-degree relative (coronary artery disease only). 3. Two affected first-degree relatives. 4. A first-degree relative with late/unknown onset of disease and an affected second-degree relative with premature disease from the same lineage. 5. Two second-degree maternal or paternal relatives with at least 1 having premature onset of disease. 6. Three or more affected maternal or paternal relatives. 7. “Moderate risk” family history on both sides of the pedigree.
A person is considered at moderate risk if he or she meets either of the following: 1. A first-degree relative with late or unknown disease onset. 2. Two second-degree relatives from the same lineage with late or unknown disease onset.
A person is considered at average risk (general population risk) if he or she meets any of the following: 1. No affected relatives. 2. Only 1 affected second-degree relative from 1 or both sides of the pedigree. 3. No known family history. 4. Adopted with unknown family history.
Pedigrees that demonstrate clustering of different primary cancers consistent with a family cancer syndrome are considered high risk. Pedigrees that demonstrate clustering of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes consistent with syndrome X are considered high risk.
Figure. General familial risk stratification guideline. Adapted from Scheuner et al (8). Reprinted with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Privacy Policy | Accessibility This page last reviewed October 25, 2011
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