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                                          第4卷第4 期，2007年10月                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
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第4卷第4 期，2007年10月
                                          社区案例研究                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                          评估基于社区的慢性病干预措施组织改变的方法学                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 
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                                          Krista D. Hanni, PhD, MS, Elsa Mendoza, MPH, John Snider, MPH, Marilyn A. Winkleby, PhD, MPH                                                                                                                                           
                                          建议在引用本文时注明下列出处：由Hanni KD, Mendoza E, Snider J, Winkleby MA.所著的《评估基于社区的慢性病干预措施阻止改变的方法学》[摘要]。刊载于《慢性疾病预防》2007;4(4) [网上期刊]。http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/                                                                                         
                                          issues/2007/                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
                                          oct/07_0015_zhs.htm。登录[日期]。                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                          经同行评审                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                          摘要                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                          背景                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                          2003年，服务于加州萨利纳斯（Salinas, California）的蒙特利郡卫生局（Monterey County Health Department）获得了Steps to a HealthierUS（迈向更健康美国）计划发出的12个資助項目之一，用以实施一项5年多干预措施的社区方法，以减少糖尿病、哮喘和肥胖症。所有“迈向更健康美国”计划的地点都必须进行全国性成人和青少年调查，以评估长期结果；但是，计划并不要求进行地点特异性的调查来评估中间结果。  
                                          基本情况                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                          萨利纳斯是一个医疗服务不足的社区，其主要居民墨西哥裔美国人的肥胖症比率较高，还具有其他不良健康结果。卫生局的“迈向更健康美国”计划与传统组织，例如学校、老人中心、诊所和信仰团体，还与诸如农业工人的雇主和快餐店的主人等新型组织，结成伙伴。                                                                                                                 
                                          方法                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                          卫生局与斯坦福预防研究中心（Stanford Prevention Research Center）开发了新的地点特异性社区伙伴调查，评估中间结果以加强全国性的规定调查。这些地点特异性调查将评估社会经济模型，尤其是预防范围（Spectrum of Prevention）中组织实践、政策或两者的改变。                                                                                 
                                          结果                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                          我们的地点特异性伙伴调查协助了1) 确认新的潜在伙伴，从社区中选择最需要经济协助的初始伙伴以及确认可能成功的社区方法，以及2) 提供数据评估与全国性长期结果相匹配的中间结果，以便评估政策和组织水平的改变。这些定量调查还提供了重要的基本情况特异性定性数据，确认了加强社区伙伴关系的机会。                                                                                         
                                          闡釋                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                          在多地点的干预措施研究中开发地点特异性伙伴调查，可提供重要数据指导地方计划措施，并评估与全国规定调查长期结果相匹配的中间结果的进展。                                                                                                                                                                     
    The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.  
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