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第4卷第3期,2007年7月
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第4卷第3期,2007年7月
社区案例研究
华盛顿州卓有成效的烟草控制:对健康未来的明智投资
 
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Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal
 
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Julia A. Dilley, MES, Kristen Rohde, MA, Clyde Dent, PhD, Michael J. Boysun, MPH, Michael J. Stark, PhD, Terry Reid, MSW
建议在引用本文时注明下列出处:由Dilley JA, Rohde K, Dent C, Boysun MJ, Stark MJ, Reid T所著的《华盛顿州卓有成效的烟草控制:对健康未来的明智投资》[摘要]。2007年7月[引用日期]刊载于《慢性疾病预防》[网上期刊]。可从下面网址获取:http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/
issues/2007/
jul/06_0109_zhs.htm。
摘要
背景
吸烟仍然是造成美国可预防死亡的主要原因。与烟草行业的1998年总和解协议(Master Settlement Agreement)之后,华盛顿州投入了大笔经费,创建遍及全州的全面烟草控制计划。本报告记录了这段历史,以及观察到的该计划的有效性。
基本情况
2000年,华盛顿州立法从首批总和解付费的3亿2千万美元中划拨了1亿美元用于烟草控制。全面烟草控制计划于同一年晚些时候启动,年预算达1千5百万美元。
方法
我们采用了州和全国健康行为监督系统的现存数据,描述了成年人和青少年的吸烟流行情况。我们采用了华盛顿州行为风险因素监测系统(Washington State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System)和全国健康访谈调查(National Health Interview Survey)的数据用于成年人的测量。就青年人的测量,我们采用了华盛顿州健康青少年调查(Washington State Healthy Youth Survey)以及全国监测未来(Monitoring the Future)调查的数据。我们使用了国家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute)的“Joinpoint”软件比较了趋势。
结果
1990年和2001年之间,华盛顿州成年人的吸烟流行程度几乎没有变化,与整个美国的情况一样。然而,从2001起,也就是华盛顿州启动其全面烟草控制计划的一年之后,到2005年,华盛顿州成年人吸烟流行程度有了显著降低,从22.5%降到了17.6%,幅度明显高于全国同一时期内的降低(22.7%到20.9%)。此外,华盛顿州青少年吸烟流行程度的降低也快于全国;例如,从2000年到2004年,华盛顿州8年级学生吸烟流行程度从2000年的12.5%降到了2004年的7.8%,而全国仅从12.2%降到了9.3%。
说明
在以接近疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)建议的水平资助并实施全面烟草控制计划之后,华盛顿州居民吸烟流行程度的显著降低提示,烟草控制计划是各州承诺改善公共健康的有效投资。
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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