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第 3 卷 第2 期,2006年4月
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第 3 卷 第2 期,2006年4月
原创研究
力争上游:低收入社区市区中学的教职员工描述他们实施营养和身体活动措施的经验
 
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Katherine W. Bauer, SM, Aarti Patel, Lisa A. Prokop, S. Bryn Austin, ScD
建议在引用本文时注明下列出处:由Bauer KW, Patel A, Prokop LA, Austin SB. 所著的《力争上游:低收入社区市区中学的教职员工描述他们实施营养和身体活动措施的经验》 [摘要]。2006年4月[引用日期]刊载于《慢性疾病预防》[网上期刊]。可从下面网址获取:URL:http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/
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apr/05_0113
apr/05_0113_zhs .htm 。
_zhs .htm 。
经同行评审
摘要
简介
在美国,应对儿童时期体重过重的问题已经成为当务之急。过去曾经尝试改进学校的政策和实践,以应对儿童和青少年体重过重的流行问题。具有多元文化的低收入社区市区学校在试图改善营养状况并提高身体活动水平时,可能会面对学校环境中特有的挑战。需要更好地了解学校环境及其可能如何影响旨在改进营养和身体活动措施的实施、功效和持续性。
方法
我们在五所低收入社区市区中学开展了一项定性研究,这些学校新近才实施了名为“行星健康”(Planet Health)的营养和身体活动干预措施。这一定性研究是用于评估这些学校的自然环境、社会和政策环境中的哪些方面可以促进或阻碍健康推广措施的实施。有三十五名教职员工参与了这项研究。我们在每所学校中开展了一个焦点小组的研究,平均每个小组有七名参与者。我们应用主题分析技术分析了焦点小组的文字记录,以确认关键概念、种类和主题。
结果
我们研究中的教职员工成员确定了他们学校中许多阻碍成功实施营养和身体活动措施的与学校有关的环境因素。学校人员建议以教室为基础的营养干预计划,比如“行星健康”,应该与学校食品服务部门协作,这样在教室里教授的健康信息就能够通过餐厅供应健康、有文化适宜性的食物而得到强化。他们将家庭食品不足和联邦食物补贴计划过度严格的资格要求确认为是健康营养行为的关键性障碍。他们还确定与体重相关的取笑和恃强欺弱以及不健康的体重控制行为是推行健康营养和身体活动所面临的挑战。
结论
为使干预措施的效果达到最大限度,研究人员和实践者必须考虑学校环境对营养和身体活动措施的影响。
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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