Original site: www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/HP3567E0.html | RestoredCDC.org is an independent project, not affiliated with CDC or any federal entity. Visit CDC.gov for free official information. Due to archival on January 6, 2025, recent outbreak data is unavailable. Videos are not restored. Access data.restoredcdc.org for restored data. Use of this site implies acceptance of this disclaimer.

[More]
About Us Report Bug

RestoredCDC.org Comparison

Comparison timestamp: 2025-05-07 06:45:01 UTC
RestoredCDC URL: http://restoredcdc.org/www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/HP3567E0.html
Live cdc.gov URL ↗: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/HP3567E0.html
Removed: Line removed from cdc.gov. Specific word removals are highlighted.
Added: Line added to cdc.gov. Specific word additions are highlighted.
Injected: Line or disclaimer added by RestoredCDC.org.
Unchanged: Line unchanged.
Original site: www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/HP3567E0.html | RestoredCDC.org is an independent project, not affiliated with CDC or any federal entity. Visit CDC.gov for free official information. Due to archival on January 6, 2025, recent outbreak data is unavailable. Videos are not restored. Access data.restoredcdc.org for restored data. Use of this site implies acceptance of this disclaimer.
[More]
About Us Report Bug Compare Content
Skip directly to page options
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving Lives, Protecting People
Search
Search Menu Navigation Menu
× NIOSH
NIOSH All CDC
Submit
* Licensing Agreement Signed for RTECS
* How Do I Access the RTECS Database?
* Features of the RTECS Database
* The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Home
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
1. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
Dibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-
Related Pages
RTECS #
HP3500000
CAS #
1746-01-6; 56795-67-6
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
321.96
Molecular Formula
C12H4Cl4O2
Synonyms
2,3,7,8-Czterochlorodwubenzo-p-dwuoksyny (Polish)
2,3,7,8-TCDD
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxan
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
Dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-
Dioksyny (Polish)
Dioxin
Dioxin (herbicide contaminant)
Dioxine
NCI-C03714
TCDBD
TCDD
Tetradioxin
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
Route/Organism Dose Effect Reference
eye /rabbit 2 mg moderate EVHPAZ 5,87,1973
Mutation Data and Reference
System Test Route/Organism/Tissue Dose Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis oral/rat 100 µg/kg MUREAV 47,141,1978
Cytogenetic Analysis intraperitoneal/rat 10 mg/kg MUREAV 47,141,1978
Cytogenetic Analysis oral/mouse 100 µg/kg TXAPA9 29,229,1974
Cytogenetic Analysis intraperitoneal/mouse 10 µg/kg PSSID2 5,419,1982
Cytogenetic Analysis lung/rat 104 µg/kg/13W- intermittent TOVEFN (5),2,1998
Cytogenetic Analysis lung/mouse 10 µg/kg TOVEFN (5),2,1998
DNA adduct intraperitoneal/rat 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent CMSHAF 25,975,1992
DNA adduct oral/rat 0.021 mg/kg/30W- intermittent CRTOEC 14,849,2001
DNA adduct other cell types/human 10 nmol/L/12H MUREAV 750,77,2013
DNA Damage liver/rat 5 µmol/L/48H FCTOD7 50,2142,2012
DNA Damage lymphocyte/human 0.5 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damage sperm/human 0.1 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damage lymphocyte/human 0.1 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damage sperm/human 0.5 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damage oral/rat 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent JJTHEC 65,825,2002
DNA Damage unreported route/rat 100 µg/kg CALEDQ 29,281,1988
DNA Damage oral/mouse 100 µg/kg BPBLEO 29,2284,2006
DNA Damage mammary gland/human 1 nmol/L/5H TOLED5 172,146,2007
DNA Damage ovary/hamster 0.5 nmol/L MUREAV 563,71,2004
DNA Damage other cell types/mouse 10 nmol/L/24H TXCYAC 255,65,2009
DNA Damage oral/rat 100 µg/kg CALEDQ 39,281,1988
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal/rat 10 µg/kg CBINA8 8,31,1974
DNA inhibition oral/rat 200 µg/kg CBINA8 8,31,1974
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal/mouse 400 µg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA inhibition other cell types/human 10 nmol/L TXAPA9 77,434,1985
DNA inhibition other cell types/human 1 µmol/L/20H (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 746,124,2012
gene conversion and mitotic recombination ovary/hamster 0.5 nmol/L/24H TOXID9 72,369,2003
gene conversion and mitotic recombination /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 10 mg/L CMSHAF 12,549,1983
host-mediated assay Saccharomyes cerevisiae/mouse 25 µg/kg CMSHAF 12,549,1983
micronucleus test liver/rat 5 µmol/L/48H FCTOD7 50,2142,2012
morphological transform fibroblast/mouse 10 nmol/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 37,231,2001
morphological transform mammary gland/human 1 nmol/L/14D MUREAV 579,189,2005
morphological transform fibroblast/mouse 200 nmol/L ENMUDM 6,461,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cells lymphocyte/mouse 50 mg/L ENMUDM 4,391,1982
mutation in microorganisms /Salmonella typhimurium 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) AMBOCX 1,32,1972
mutation in microorganisms /Escherichia coli 2 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) AMBOCX 1,1,1972
mutation in microorganisms /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 10 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) CMSHAF 12,549,1983
mutation in microorganisms /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) PSSID2 5,429,1982
other mutation test systems other cell types/mouse 1 nmol/L JBCHA3 259,12357,1984
other mutation test systems oral/mouse 50 µg/kg TXCYAC 56,239,1989
other mutation test systems liver/rat 1 nmol/L/48H MUREAV 615,87,2007
other mutation test systems other cell types/human 1 µmol/L/20H (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 746,124,2012
phage inhibition capacity /Escherichia coli 500 µg/L AMBOCX 1,1,1972
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis other cell types/human 100 pmol/L CRNGDP 11,1335,1990
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis intravenous/rat 4 µg/kg BCPCA6 31,2459,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis oral/rat 5 µg/kg TXCYAC 28,133,1983
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis oral/mouse 800 pmol/kg CRNGDP 8,1433,1987
Reproductive Effects Data and References
Route/Organism Dose Effect Reference
intraperitoneal/rat 6 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic BCPCA6 26,1383,1977
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
intraperitoneal/mouse 25 µg/kg (7-11D pregnant) TXCYAC 20,299,1981
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
intraperitoneal/mouse 20 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) ATSUDG 8,43,1985
intraperitoneal/rat 50 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TXAPA9 173,38,2001
intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
intraperitoneal/mouse 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 78,98,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects
intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOSCF2 94,163,2006
intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOSCF2 94,163,2006
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear
intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects TOLED5 196,87,2010
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXCYAC 290,156,2011
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
oral/mouse 6 µg/kg (0-7D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXAPA9 277,172,2014
Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus
oral/mouse 0.2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TXAPA9 278,220,2015
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TXAPA9 278,220,2015
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXCYAC 314,125,2013
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/mouse 0.6 µg/kg (12D pregnant) NETEEC 52,42,2015
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
oral/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Prostate tumors TXAPA9 305,242,2016
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/mouse 8 mg/kg (1D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOLED5 189,40,2009
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/mouse 3 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities NRTXDN 31,385,2010
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 3.2 µg/kg (1-16D pregnant) FCTOD7 49,1276,2011
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
oral/mouse 7.7 µg/kg (4W male/4W prior to copulation/1-21D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TIHEEC 24,595,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects
oral/mouse 64 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TIHEEC 25,473,2009
oral/rat 700 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NRTXDN 27,1032,2006
oral/rat 100 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic NRTXDN 27,1032,2006
oral/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TXCYAC 242,52,2007
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)
oral/rat 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TXCYAC 240,170,2007
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TXCYAC 240,170,2007
oral/rat 352.8 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TXCYAC 240,170,2007
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/rat 1.1 µg/kg (9-19D pregnant) TOLED5 173,41,2007
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 22,521,2006
oral/monkey 4 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) BDERB* 71,37,2004
oral/monkey 4 µg/kg (20D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) BDERB* 71,37,2004
oral/mouse 180 µg/kg (8-9D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TSPLS* -,218,2003
oral/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TERAD* -,247,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/mouse 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 -,140,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/mouse 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 -,140,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system
oral/mouse 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 -,140,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 23,326,2007
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 23,326,2007
Reproductive: Other effects on female
oral/rat 1.6 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 -,228,2008
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
oral/rat 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system TOXID9 -,161,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/mouse 0.1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 -,164,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
oral/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 12,437,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (1D after birth) TOXID9 12,416,2008
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 12,437,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
oral/rat 6 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TXAPA9 224,29,2007
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/rat 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TXAPA9 224,29,2007
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
oral/rat 3 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TXAPA9 224,29,2007
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOSCF2 91,568,2006
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
oral/rat 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOSCF2 91,568,2006
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 78,248,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/mouse 2.5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXAPA9 232,51,2008
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
oral/mouse 14 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 24,303,2007
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
oral/mouse 0.01 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOPADD 36,1006,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system JPETAB 329,1091,2009
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (0-7D pregnant) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Breast development REPTED 28,11,2009
oral/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 44,418,2005
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 10 gm/kg (1D after birth) TOXID9 44,439,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004
oral/rat 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,168,2002
oral/rat 180 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 66,168,2002
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 66,170,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 100 ng/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 78,381,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
oral/rat 180 ng/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 1,114,2001
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,333,2002
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,333,2002
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,273,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 60,273,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/rat 12.5 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio TOXID9 60,274,2001
oral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TOXID9 60,274,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TOXID9 60,274,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 60,274,2001
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TOXID9 60,332,2001
oral/rat 60 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 60,444,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 205,98,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TXAPA9 205,98,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/mouse 400 ng/kg (1-8D pregnant) REPTED 21,301,2006
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/mouse 150 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) REPTED 21,301,2006
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
oral/mouse 250 ng/kg (4-8D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) REPTED 21,301,2006
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 227,117,2006
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TOXID9 227,117,2006
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 227,117,2006
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/rat 1.6 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 212,224,2006
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
oral/rat 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) TXAPA9 212,224,2006
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio TXAPA9 205,98,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
oral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 205,98,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/mouse 0.2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOSCF2 71,84,2003
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 68,465,2002
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendages
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 68,479,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 76,171,2003
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TOSCF2 71,84,2003
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
oral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (10-16D pregnant) NETEEC 25,459,2003
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 700 ng/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 72,125,2003
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects EVHPAZ 110(Suppl 3),369,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity
oral/rat 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) EVHPAZ 110,247,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) BIREBV 66,1621,2002
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 20 ng/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral EVHPAZ 109,621,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) TXAPA9 184,57,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),365,2003
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),366,2003
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NRTXDN 24,207,2003
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
oral/mouse 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 44,138,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TXAPA9 197,211,2004
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
oral/rat 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TXCYAC 197,57,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) TOSCF2 52,45,1999
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/mouse 3 µg/kg (8D pregnant) TOSCF2 52,45,1999
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus ETOPFR 11,1,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 44,251,2005
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
oral/mouse 4.4 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TOLED5 150,285,2004
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TXAPA9 174,216,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 1.4 µg/kg (10-15D pregnant) NETEEC 22,511,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
oral/mouse 15 µg/kg (14D pregnant) CMSHAF 25,103,1992
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) BIRSB5 62,184,2000
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus
oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (9D pregnant) ARTODN 67,591,1993
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
oral/rat 0.18 µg/kg (15D pregnant) NETEEC 24,209,2002
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/mammal (species unspecified) 19 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) VHTODE 43,134,2001
oral/mammal (species unspecified) 2.4 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) VHTODE 43,134,2001
oral/mammal (species unspecified) 699.6 ng/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) VHTODE 43,134,2001
oral/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) TCMUD8 20,73,2000
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat 45 ng/kg (45D male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct JJATDK 22,345,2002
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
oral/monkey 92 ng/kg (46W pre-17W after birth) NETEEC 11,13,1989
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/monkey 107 mg/kg (4Y male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral CMSHAF 20,1103,1990
oral/monkey 123 ng/kg (30W pre-17W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TOXID9 3,68,1983
oral/monkey 163 ng/kg (182W prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NETEEC 14,433,1992
oral/monkey 2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion BESCE5 13,26,2000
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
oral/rabbit 2500 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) ENVRAL 27,74,1982
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
oral/rabbit 10 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) ENVRAL 27,74,1982
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion
oral/rabbit 1 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system ENVRAL 27,74,1982
oral/hamster 18 µg/kg (9D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death CMSHAF 20,1117,1990
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/hamster 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) TOSCF2 51,259,1999
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 134,241,1995
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 134,241,1995
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
oral/rat 0.35 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system CMSHAF 18,955,1989
oral/rat 0.125 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system CMSHAF 18,955,1989
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system
oral/rat 13 µg/kg (7-19D pregnant) BCPCA6 32,991,1983
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
oral/rat 12 µg/kg (4-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system BCPCA6 32,991,1983
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
oral/monkey 0.535 µg/kg (30W prior to copulation) ANYAA9 -,419,1979
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina
oral/mouse 50 µg/kg (105D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes EVHPAZ 105,750,1997
Reproductive: Other reproductive system tumors
oral/mouse 1 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system EVHPAZ 5,81,1973
oral/mouse 9 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TXAPA9 98,487,1989
oral/mouse 13500 mg/kg (6-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TJADAB 44,385,1991
oral/mouse 235 µg/kg (28D pre-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system DCTODJ 2,77,1979
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/mouse 20 µg/kg (14D preg/3D after birth) IJIMDS 2,301,1980
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
oral/mouse 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) TJADAB 33,29,1986
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
oral/rat 12 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TJADAB 55,326,1997
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/rat 1500 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) TJADAB 25(1),21A,1982
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
oral/rat 1250 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) FCTXAV 9,405,1971
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 150,254,1998
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility
oral/rat 1270 ng/kg (multigenerations) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) TXAPA9 50,241,1979
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TXAPA9 140,146,1996
oral/rat 20 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TXCYAC 21,77,1981
oral/hamster 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 131,108,1995
oral/hamster 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TOSCF2 51,259,1999
oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system MOPMA3 35,18,1989
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
oral/mouse 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) TOXID9 13,103,1993
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
oral/mouse 240 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) ARTODN 69,87,1994
oral/mouse 320 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) ARTODN 69,87,1994
oral/mouse 480 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system ARTODN 69,87,1994
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TXAPA9 133,285,1995
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 146,11,1997
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 56 mg/kg (10-16D pregnant) TOLED5 78,253,1995
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
oral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 14,197,1994
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat 0.064 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 10,313,1990
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 127,241,1994
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
oral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TXAPA9 127,250,1994
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) BIREBV 55,62,1996
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TXAPA9 140,146,1996
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 15,292,1995
oral/rat 1 µg/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 15,292,1995
parenteral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 14,197,1994
subcutaneous/rat 185 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring) TXAPA9 150,383,1998
subcutaneous/rat 2700 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TXAPA9 150,383,1998
subcutaneous/rat 3 µg/kg (19D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TJADAB 40,292,1989
subcutaneous/rat 5 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 20,396,1971
subcutaneous/rat 2200 ng/kg (19D preg/21D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) CMSHAF 25,1227,1992
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
subcutaneous/mouse 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system BECTA6 16,674,1976
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
subcutaneous/mouse 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) BECTA6 16,674,1976
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
subcutaneous/mouse 100 µg/kg (2D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TCMUD8 4,427,1984
subcutaneous/mouse 30 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) MOPMA3 17,86,1980
subcutaneous/mouse 100 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TCMUD8 4,427,1984
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system
subcutaneous/rat 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/9-16D after birth) BCPCA6 62,617,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
subcutaneous/rat 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/2D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system BCPCA6 59,1147,2000
subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980
subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (9D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980
subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
subcutaneous/monkey 405 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) REPTED 20,21,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
subcutaneous/monkey 34.5 ng/kg (20D preg-90D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TOLED5 160,233,2006
subcutaneous/monkey 42 ng/kg (20-173D preg/1-90D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 29,317,2010
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
subcutaneous/monkey 40.5 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) TXCYAC 251,147,2008
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
unreported route/mouse 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TERST* -,290,2005
unreported route/rat 5 ng/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 28,32,2009
unreported route/rat 0.14 ng/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 28,32,2009
unreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis TOXID9 -,349,2009
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
unreported route/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 -,350,2009
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
unreported route/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 -,385,2009
unreported route/rat 2 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 -,117,2009
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 -,131,2009
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
unreported route/rat 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 60,24,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendages TOXID9 66,300,2002
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001
unreported route/mouse 135 µg/kg (16D preg-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001
unreported route/mouse 150 µg/kg (13D preg-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
unreported route/mouse 200 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 60,440,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
unreported route/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system TOXID9 60,181,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy)
unreported route/mouse 15 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation/7-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female TOXID9 78,218,2004
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
unreported route/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 66,169,2002
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
unreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 66,168,2002
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,132,2002
unreported route/rat 4 µg/kg (15D preg/3D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 66,132,2002
unreported route/mouse 3 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system TOXID9 44,172,2005
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system
unreported route/mouse 10 µg/kg (14-16D pregnant) TOXID9 44,181,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
unreported route/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOXID9 44,138,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)
unreported route/rat 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TOXID9 44,139,2005
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
unreported route/rat 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 44,139,2005
unreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 44,145,2005
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,113,2005
unreported route/rat 0.8 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) HBPTO* 1,741,2001
unreported route/rat 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system HBPTO* 1,741,2001
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
unreported route/rat 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) HBPTO* 1,741,2001
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 72,113,2003
unreported route/mouse 1.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TOXID9 72,121,2003
unreported route/mouse 5.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TOXID9 72,121,2003
unreported route/mouse 12 µg/kg (6-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system CMSHAF 25,115,1992
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
unreported route/rat 1500 mg/kg (1D male) ATSUDG 11,344,1987
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
unreported route/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 14,382,1994
Tumorigenic Data and References
Route/Organism Dose Effect Reference
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.61 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors TXAPA9 179,21,2002
Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.208 mg/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTIS** PB82-163445
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/mouse toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria
oral/mouse toxic dose: 36 µg/kg/52W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors NATUAS 278,548,1979
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 164 µg/kg/78W- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors CMSHAF 6,625,1977
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 190 µg/kg/95W- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors CMSHAF 6,537,1977
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 27 µg/kg/65W- continuous Liver: Tumors FEPRA7 36,396,1977
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 328 µg/kg/78W- continuous PESTC* 5,12,1977
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 137 µg/kg/65W- continuous Liver: Tumors FEPRA7 36,396,1977
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 73 µg/kg/2Y- continuous ANYAA9 320,397,1979
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982
Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Angiosarcoma
Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 33580 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Angiosarcoma
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 62 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
Skin and Appendages: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
skin/mouse toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Skin and Appendages: Tumors BECTA6 18,552,1977
Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.0594 mg/kg/99W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163684
Skin and Appendages: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.01188 mg/kg/99W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163684
Skin and Appendages: Tumors
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Tumors FCTOD7 46,2629,2008
Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens
Acute Toxicity Data and References
Route/Organism Dose Effect Reference
In Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.00478 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 248,185,2010
In Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.0072 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 266,38,2013
In Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.027 nmol/L/7M Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 266,38,2013
In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 237,100,2015
In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/6H Endocrine: Androgenic TOLED5 225,264,2014
In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H Endocrine: Estrogenic TOLED5 225,264,2014
Endocrine: Androgenic
In Vitro/Chicken, embryo Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.04 µg/kg/7D TOLED5 205,190,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
Endocrine: Estrogenic
In Vitro/Chicken, embryo Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.16 µg/kg/7D TOLED5 205,190,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 ng/L/8H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay TXCYAC 290,258,2011
In Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 ng/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay TXCYAC 290,258,2011
In Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 ng/L/4H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 290,258,2011
In Vitro/Human, blood (whole or unspecified cells) Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/1H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 235,28,2015
In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/11D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 40,79,2017
In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/3H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro TXCYAC 275,72,2010
In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/20M In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 275,72,2010
In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 20 nmol/L/12H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 283,18,2011
In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/12H Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca TXCYAC 283,18,2011
In Vitro/Human, colon tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,2283,2013
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
In Vitro/Human, embryonic cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/24H TOLED5 232,384,2015
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
In Vitro/Human, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 29,769,2015
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro/Human, endothelium Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/24H TXAPA9 245,91,2010
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
In Vitro/Human, endothelium Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 245,91,2010
In Vitro/Human, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/11D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 40,79,2017
In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 262,173,2016
In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 275,77,2017
In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.001 µmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 258,176,2012
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 199,225,2010
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 199,225,2010
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/1H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 270,34,2017
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 337,39,2017
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 262,173,2016
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.21 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXCYAC 324,68,2014
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 387 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TIVIEQ 28,1507,2014
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc.
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 6 nmol/L/24H TIVIEQ 28,1507,2014
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 209,58,2012
In Vitro/Human, lung tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1719,2013
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 337,39,2017
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3 nmol/L/3D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011
In Vitro/Human, melanoma Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases FCTOD7 50,1933,2012
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)
In Vitro/Human, melanoma Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. FCTOD7 50,2142,2012
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.
In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 56,55,2016
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.
In Vitro/Human, oral mucosa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/5D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell growth: Colony formation TXAPA9 305,186,2016
In Vitro/Human, oral mucosa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/3D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis TXAPA9 305,186,2016
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 196S,S239,2010
In Vitro/ilb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 238,43,2015
In Vitro/jda Inhibitor Concentration Low: 40 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 196,87,2010
In Vitro/jda Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TOLED5 196,87,2010
In Vitro/jkh Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays FCTOD7 111,374,2018
In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 255,24,2016
In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 pmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1467,2013
In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity (prelabeled cells): release of radioactive isotopes ([51Cr], [3H]-thymidine, [3H]-proline, [35S]- or [75Se]-methionine, 5-[125I]-2-deoxy-uridine) or fluorescent dyes (bis-carboxyethyl-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) or calcein-AM) TOLED5 211,257,2012
In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases FCTOD7 50,3320,2012
In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.0496 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,152,2011
In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.6 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,152,2011
In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.0496 nmol/L/24H Endocrine: Estrogenic TOLED5 206,152,2011
In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/15M In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 304,32,2013
In Vitro/jti Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,178,2011
In Vitro/jti Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,178,2011
In Vitro/jzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 202,15,2011
In Vitro/mga Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/12D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 202,226,2011
In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TXAPA9 254,299,2011
In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/0.5H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 257,38,2011
In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 247,60,2010
In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 254,299,2011
In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 233,59,2015
In Vitro/Mouse, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.001 nmol/L/7D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TXAPA9 246,18,2010
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 254,299,2011
In Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TXAPA9 254,299,2011
In Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 252,150,2011
Endocrine: Other changes
In Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/96H TXAPA9 261,88,2012
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting TOLED5 223,73,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 238,17,2015
In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 273,10,2017
In Vitro/Mouse, neuroblastom Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1634,2013
In Vitro/mpd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation
In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3D TXAPA9 280,502,2014
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.
In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 263,210,2012
In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015
In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 pmol/L/20D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015
In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 12.8 pmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/6H TOLED5 207,251,2011
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
In Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 207,251,2011
In Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 207,251,2011
In Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.3 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TXAPA9 268,17,2013
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation
In Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/3D TOLED5 220,109,2013
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/8D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 27,1634,2013
In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 282,121,2018
In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 11 pmole/L/48H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) AQUTO* 190,150,2017
In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 3.3 pmole/L/48H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) AQUTO* 190,150,2017
In Vitro/paa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 312,132,2013
In Vitro/paa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 312,132,2013
In Vitro/pad Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 pmol/L/96H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays NRTXDN 52,64,2016
In Vitro/pad Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays NRTXDN 52,64,2016
In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc. TOLED5 224,362,2014
In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TOLED5 224,362,2014
In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TXCYAC 308,158,2013
In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 300 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro TOLED5 226,294,2014
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.
In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 50 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 44,149,2014
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell morphology: overgrowth of cell appendixes etc.
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.
In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 37,63,2013
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H TXCYAC 279,146,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 pmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 279,146,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H TXCYAC 279,146,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc.
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 249,55,2010
In Vitro/Rat, neurons Inhibitor Concentration Low: 300 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro NRTXDN 37,63,2013
In Vitro/Rat, neurons Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. NRTXDN 44,149,2014
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)
In Vitro/Rat, testis Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TXAPA9 252,273,2011
In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
intracerebral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg JPETAB 329,1091,2009
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
intraperitoneal/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 60,441,2001
Behavioral: Coma
intraperitoneal/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression TOXID9 60,441,2001
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosis
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
intraperitoneal/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JTEHD6 35,187,1992
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 29.9 ng/kg BCPCA6 36,1535,1988
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
intraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 1.8 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BCPCA6 36,1535,1988
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) BCPCA6 35,2737,1986
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg BCPCA6 35,2737,1986
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight BCPCA6 35,2737,1986
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg Liver: Other changes BCPCA6 35,2737,1986
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): >3 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 55,67,1980
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.6 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 92,155,1994
Blood: Luekopenia
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg CMSHAF 43,819,2001
Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 µg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) MOPMA3 13,924,1977
Blood: Changes in spleen
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TXCYAC 80,217,1993
Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.29 µg/kg TXCYAC 80,217,1993
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg AECTCV 41,232,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 72,66,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TOXID9 72,66,2003
Endocrine: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above CMSHAF 25,103,1992
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 11.19 µg/kg TXCYAC 63,97,1990
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOSCF2 69,117,2002
Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia TXAPA9 181,32,2002
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 782 ng/kg TXAPA9 94,141,1988
Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 115 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 172,125,2002
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides TOSCF2 66,62,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases TOSCF2 69,109,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOSCF2 69,109,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport TOSCF2 69,109,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above TOLED5 129,1,2002
Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response
Blood: Changes in spleen
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg TXCYAC 178,241,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),336,2003
Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TXAPA9 197,185,2004
Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 ng/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 78,18,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOLED5 157,89,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TOXID9 66,334,2002
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TOXID9 60,249,2001
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TOXID9 60,249,2001
Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg TOXID9 66,21,2002
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Blood: Changes in spleen
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg ARTODN 78,290,2004
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response ARTODN 76,570,2002
Endocrine: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 1,68,2001
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TOVEFN (2),20,1998
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal JTPAE7 18,41,2005
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Uncharacterized (multiple organ involvement) TOLED5 180,189,2008
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 -,195,2009
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 -,29,2009
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above CRNGDP 30,11,2009
Cardiac: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes FCTOD7 50,2325,2012
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TXCYAC 266,30,2009
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 257,38,2011
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TXAPA9 256,122,2011
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 256,122,2011
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TXAPA9 259,143,2012
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOLED5 238,17,2015
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Cardiac: Pericarditis
intraperitoneal/non-mammalian species lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg TOXID9 -,437,2009
Cardiac: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 252 µg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 24600 ng/kg TXAPA9 45,513,1978
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TXAPA9 150,427,1998
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXAPA9 150,427,1998
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands TXCYAC 89,49,1994
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg ARTODN 53,177,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BBRCA9 125,996,1984
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight BBRCA9 160,1003,1989
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BBRCA9 160,1003,1989
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10.3 µg/kg TXAPA9 95,435,1988
Endocrine: Estrogenic
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen ARTODN 53,177,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
Endocrine: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen ARTODN 53,177,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg Liver: Other changes ARTODN 62,146,1988
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes LPDSAP 23,904,1988
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Liver: Other changes LPDSAP 23,904,1988
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects JPETAB 248,62,1989
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) MOPMA3 13,924,1977
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TXCYAC 44,297,1987
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TXCYAC 44,297,1987
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg TXCYAC 44,297,1987
Endocrine: Hypoglycemia
Endocrine: Estrogenic
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 82.4 µg/kg CMSHAF 19,785,1989
Endocrine: Other changes
Endocrine: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg JTEHD6 16,481,1985
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Endocrine: Estrogenic TXAPA9 92,368,1988
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 29,61,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Other changes ATXKA8 53,177,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg TXCYAC 37,51,1985
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia TXCYAC 53,19,1988
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 125 µg/kg TXCYAC 53,19,1988
Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TXAPA9 94,496,1988
Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TXCYAC 76,103,1992
Endocrine: Androgenic
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands TXCYAC 76,103,1992
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight TXCYAC 76,103,1992
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 19.31 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) CJPPA3 63,1537,1985
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg BCPCA6 39,485,1990
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight BCPCA6 39,485,1990
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 246,100,2010
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (25 percent kill): 1000 µg/kg TOXID9 66,334,2002
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg TOLED5 226,294,2014
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes NRTXDN 37,63,2013
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction
intraperitoneal/wild bird lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg ETOCDK 16,985,1997
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/cattle lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.06 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
oral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 0.02 mg/kg Behavioral: Fluid intake TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 0.1 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
oral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg FCTXAV 11,585,1973
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005
oral/domestic animal lowest published lethal dose: 0.41 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004
oral/domestic animal lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.22 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
oral/domestic animal lowest published lethal dose: 0.13 mg/kg Behavioral: Fluid intake TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/frog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 mg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 ng/kg EVSRBT 2,708,1973
Gastrointestinal: Other changes
oral/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 55,67,1980
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005
Liver: Other changes
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4200 ng/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes AECTCV 17,33,1988
Blood: Changes in spleen
oral/monkey lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 µg/kg EXPEAM 38,879,1982
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 0.004 mg/kg REPTED 15,377,2001
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOSCF2 56,114,2000
Eye: Mydriasis (pupilliary dilation)
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TXAPA9 29,229,1974
Cardiac: Other changes
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins NRTXDN 23,783,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TXCYAC 172,49,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 172,49,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 156 µg/kg TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),363,2003
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003
Blood: Other changes
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXCYAC 175,73,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOXID9 44,222,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 44,279,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 188,15,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg TXCYAC 197,15,2004
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 197,15,2004
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 197,15,2004
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 197,15,2004
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg TXAPA9 190,120,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4000 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects TXAPA9 190,120,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 192,262,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXAPA9 192,275,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight BPBLEO 29,2284,2006
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Blood: Changes in spleen
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 60,25,2001
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg BPBLEO 27,1397,2004
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXCYAC 224,191,2006
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli
Gastrointestinal: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Hyperglycemia TXAPA9 205,89,2005
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight BPBLEO 32,876,2009
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins REPTED 23,326,2007
Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 256,25,2009
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Blood: Changes in spleen
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg TOXID9 66,178,2002
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Liver: Liver function tests impaired
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments TOXID9 44,389,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Liver: Liver function tests impaired
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe TOXID9 44,389,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments
Gastrointestinal: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Hyperglycemia TXAPA9 205,89,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOXID9 -,19,2009
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 -,416,2009
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg JAPTO* 28,724,2008
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
Gastrointestinal: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg JTSCDR 34,SP349,2009
Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg CRTOEC 20,1573,2007
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 64 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration CRTOEC 20,1573,2007
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Multiple effects
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TXAPA9 243,359,2010
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXCYAC 280,10,2011
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TXAPA9 256,154,2011
Liver: Changes in liver weight
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 256,154,2011
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 256,154,2011
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 µg/kg TXAPA9 246,58,2010
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TOLED5 215,100,2012
Blood: Changes in spleen
Liver: Other changes
oral/pig lowest published toxic dose: 6 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 115 µg/kg TXAPA9 35,553,1976
Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasia
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg NETEEC 15,365,1993
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 90 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight TXCYAC 106,221,1996
Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 106,221,1996
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXCYAC 106,221,1996
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP TXCYAC 145,227,2000
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals LIFSAK 69,1291,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe LIFSAK 69,1291,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals LIFSAK 69,1291,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 128,97,1994
Endocrine: Change in LH
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.03 µg/kg TXAPA9 142,264,1997
Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg TXAPA9 106,112,1990
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes BCPCA6 33,2531,1984
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg JPETAB 215,601,1980
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Endocrine: Change in LH
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Androgenic BIREBV 45,143,1991
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Androgenic TXAPA9 105,78,1990
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6.25 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression TXAPA9 84,45,1986
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXAPA9 84,45,1986
Skin and Appendages: Other: Breast
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Skin and Appendages: Tumors EVHPAZ 109,739,2001
Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.077 µg/kg Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction TXAPA9 181,38,2002
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.3 µg/kg TXAPA9 181,38,2002
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6.3 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 181,38,2002
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.14 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 187,128,2003
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.83 µg/kg TXAPA9 187,128,2003
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 187,128,2003
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders TOLED5 78,219,1995
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes CRTOEC 13,1051,2000
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Endocrine: Androgenic
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) BCPCA6 36,727,1987
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg BCPCA6 31,3663,1982
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) BCPCA6 35,4359,1986
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXAPA9 133,321,1995
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),361,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg TOSCF2 71,112,2003
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases TOLED5 147,133,2004
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TOLED5 147,133,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
oral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 60 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOLED5 147,133,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TXAPA9 197,354,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Behavioral: Food intake (animal) TXAPA9 197,214,2004
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction TXCYAC 171,73,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg CBINA8 145,1,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes CBINA8 145,1,2003
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) CBINA8 145,1,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOVEFN (6),14,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TOVEFN (6),14,2004
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg JTSCDR 34,209,2009
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight JTSCDR 34,209,2009
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 -,416,2009
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TXCYAC 283,140,2011
Endocrine: Change in LH
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg TOXID9 66,376,2002
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 207,1,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 µg/kg TOXID9 60,252,2001
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOXID9 60,236,2001
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TOXID9 60,138,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 78,19,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 44,418,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 ng/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 66,169,2002
Endocrine: Androgenic
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 66,170,2002
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg TOXID9 66,170,2002
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 66,170,2002
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 250,132,2008
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 300 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 250,132,2008
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TXAPA9 233,314,2008
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TXAPA9 233,314,2008
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,18,2009
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg TXAPA9 207,1,2005
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg Blood: Other changes TXAPA9 207,1,2005
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TXAPA9 212,224,2006
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOXID9 227,117,2006
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2000 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TXCYAC 235,39,2007
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 10000 µg/kg TXCYAC 235,39,2007
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight ARTODN 81,261,2007
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain ARTODN 81,261,2007
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TXCYAC 308,158,2013
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes
parenteral/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 60,440,2001
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
parenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg TOXID9 60,201,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Endocrine: Other changes
parenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 60,269,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Liver: Other changes
parenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 66,334,2002
Blood: Changes in spleen
skin/human lowest published toxic dose: 107 µg/kg Skin: After topical application: Dermatitis, allergic SCAMAC 254,29,1986
Blood: Other changes
skin/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 10 ng/kg TAEHC* VI:205,1,1998
Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
skin/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 80 µg/kg Gastrointestinal: Other changes RCOCB8 20,101,1978
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 275 µg/kg EVHPAZ 5,87,1973
Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction
subcutaneous/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 1 ng/kg ARTODN 76,360,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Cardiac: Other changes
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg NSAPCC 369(Suppl 1),R118,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Endocrine: Change in LH
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 27.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TXAPA9 194,239,2004
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg Endocrine: Other changes JDPHDH 15,337,1991
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JDPHDH 15,337,1991
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 133,313,1995
Liver: Changes in liver weight
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg TXAPA9 133,313,1995
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Tank with water/Crayfish lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 µg/kg TIVIEQ 35,157,1996
Liver: Other changes
Tank with water/Crayfish lowest published toxic concentration: 3 µg/kg TIVIEQ 35,157,1996
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
Cardiac: Pericarditis
Tank with water/Trout lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.171 µg/kg TIVIEQ 31,315,1995
Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 1 µg/L/20H Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TOLED5 198,119,2010
Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 ppb/24H Vascular: Measurement of regional blood flow TXAPA9 253,244,2011
Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 ppb/4H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases TXAPA9 253,244,2011
Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
unreported route/human lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Blood: Normocytic anemia EVHPAZ 109,865,2001
Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other
Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
unreported route/human lowest published toxic dose: 6 µg/kg Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other EVHPAZ 109,865,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 78,19,2004
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
unreported route/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 200 µg/kg ANYAA9 320,204,1979
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.32 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72,109,2003
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 8 µg/kg TOXID9 72,109,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes
Cardiac: Other changes
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg TOXID9 -,436,2009
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Other changes TOXID9 -,385,2009
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 -,208,2009
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,16,2009
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOXID9 -,132,2009
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TOXID9 78,247,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 24 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TOXID9 60,181,2001
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Behavioral: Anticonvulsant TOXID9 60,442,2001
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001
unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001
Endocrine: Change in LH
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins TOXID9 60,273,2001
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders TOXID9 60,273,2001
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 µg/kg TOXID9 60,331,2001
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 44,418,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 44,418,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 ng/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TOLED5 180S,S36,2008
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 -,206,2009
unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 19 µg/kg TXAPA9 187,128,2003
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
Route/Organism Dose Effect Reference
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 9260 ng/kg/4W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TOLED5 60,247,1992
Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 180 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) CMSHAF 14,949,1985
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/12W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight CMSHAF 19,927,1989
Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified)
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight ARTODN 78,309,2004
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases ARTODN 78,309,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent ARTODN 78,309,2004
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008
Liver: Changes in liver weight
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/8W- intermittent TXAPA9 226,107,2008
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/16W- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 66,334,2002
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JCINAO 113,137,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 60 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) TOLED5 273,10,2017
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 246,100,2010
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain FCTOD7 45,2237,2007
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
Liver: Other changes
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 240 ng/kg/8W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases TXCYAC 171,117,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Cardiac: Other changes
oral/cattle lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Blood: Changes in spleen
Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction
oral/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 0.22 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Blood: Changes in spleen
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/domestic animal lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 441 ng/kg/90D- continuous Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight FAATDF 6,454,1986
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 1600 ng/kg/8W- intermittent EVHPAZ 5,101,1973
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes EVHPAZ 5,125,1973
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Liver: Other changes
oral/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 600 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases BECTA6 31,649,1983
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 1.68 µg/kg/14D- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain VHTODE 43,22,2001
Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 3.36 µg/kg/28D- continuous VHTODE 43,22,2001
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 3.92 µg/kg/4W- continuous Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) VHTODE 43,134,2001
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 4.76 µg/kg/34D- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VHTODE 43,134,2001
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 18.48 µg/kg/132D- continuous Liver: Other changes VHTODE 43,134,2001
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Blood: Other changes
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 211.2 ng/kg/132D- continuous Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles) VHTODE 43,134,2001
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe
Endocrine: Estrogenic
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 5.35 µg/kg/30W- continuous ANYAA9 -,419,1979
Endocrine: Other changes
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 0.535 µg/kg/30W- continuous ANYAA9 -,419,1979
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Parturition
Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/12D- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes BECTA6 18,108,1977
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 2.143 µg/kg/120D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TOSCF2 56,374,2000
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 170.4 µg/kg/240D- intermittent Reproductive: Other effects on female TOSCF2 56,374,2000
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 97.5 ng/kg/13W- intermittent TXAPA9 124,82,1994
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulation
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TJADAB 33,29,1986
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 588 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight TXAPA9 112,128,1992
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/4W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight EVHPAZ 5,149,1973
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 520 µg/kg/13W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Blood: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 336 µg/kg/8W- continuous Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count JEPTDQ 4(2-3),401,1980
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg/15W- intermittent Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains EVHPAZ 105,750,1997
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4050 ng/kg/9W- intermittent Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section TOXID9 44,173,2005
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/18D- intermittent TXAPA9 229,10,2008
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg/5D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 282,82,2011
Liver: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg/5D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 282,82,2011
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Cardiac: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1350 ng/kg/60D- intermittent Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section TOXID9 12,454,2008
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases TOLED5 178,202,2008
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
Endocrine: Other changes
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/4W- continuous ETPAEK 61,406,2009
Blood: Changes in spleen
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/2D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins REPTED 23,326,2007
Skin and Appendages: Tumors
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 81900 mg/kg/26W- continuous TOXID9 78,367,2004
Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TIHEEC 17,192,2001
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 475 µg/kg/178D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field TOXID9 66,168,2002
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 29,229,1974
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 6 ng/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Estrogenic REPTED 21,301,2006
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 ng/kg/5D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight REPTED 21,301,2006
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2520 ng/kg/28D- continuous Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TXCYAC 321,1,2014
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 210 µg/kg/28D- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 321,1,2017
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe
Endocrine: Estrogenic
oral/non-mammalian species lowest published toxic dose: 600 ng/kg/15D- continuous REPTED 25,47,2008
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/pig lowest published toxic dose: 0.35 mg/kg/7D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TOVEFN (1),30,2004
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
oral/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response NTIS** OTS0544117
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/80D- continuous EJPHAZ 293,429,1995
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous EJPHAZ 293,429,1995
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg/30D- intermittent Blood: Changes in platelet count EVHPAZ 5,111,1973
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 35,553,1976
Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7300 mg/kg/2Y- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 46(2),279,1978
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg/16W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition BCPCA6 31,1607,1982
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe BECTA6 45,436,1990
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/45W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition TXAPA9 57,156,1981
Blood: Change in clotting factors
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count EVHPAZ 5,119,1973
Blood: Changes in platelet count
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects CMSHAF 43,807,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight CMSHAF 43,807,2001
Blood: Microcytosis with or without anemia
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg/13W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain CMSHAF 29,2381,1994
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Blood: Changes in platelet count
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 41.9 µg/kg/13W- intermittent TXAPA9 146,217,1997
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 13 µg/kg/13D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) BCPCA6 32,991,1983
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7 µg/kg/4W- continuous Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction CMSHAF 25,1239,1992
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.7 µg/kg/4W- continuous Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other CMSHAF 25,1239,1992
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/13W- continuous CMSHAF 25,1239,1992
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Conditioned vitamin deficiency
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22.75 µg/kg/91D- continuous Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight CMSHAF 25,2023,1992
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/91D- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) CMSHAF 25,2023,1992
Skin and Appendages: Other: Breast
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight EVHPAZ 103,708,1995
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous EPEPEG 293,429,1995
Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/180D- continuous Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response EPEPEG 293,429,1995
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15.5 µg/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects TOXID9 78,19,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors TOXID9 78,19,2004
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3.5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes TOXID9 66,9,2002
Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9800 ng/kg/14W- continuous TOXID9 44,372,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1980 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other TOXID9 44,416,2005
Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport TXCYAC 171,127,2002
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/60D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight TOXID9 72,362,2003
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.07 µg/kg/28D- intermittent TXCYAC 178,45,2002
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 275 ng/kg/64D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72,361,2003
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 900 ng/kg/90D- intermittent TOXID9 72,77,2003
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes JAPTO* 22,345,2002
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent JAPTO* 22,345,2002
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes JJTHEC 65,825,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3300 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JJTHEC 65,825,2002
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 191,12,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 105 µg/kg/5W- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain VHTODE 43,22,2001
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight JJATDK 22,345,2002
Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 72.8 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Vascular: Structural changes in vessels TOXID9 72,30,2003
Liver: Other changes
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 110 ng/kg/22W- intermittent TOXID9 60,331,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction FCTOD7 49,1276,2011
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 35,880,2007
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1113 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOPADD 35,880,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOPADD 32,41,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 651 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOPADD 33,165,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Other changes
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 37100 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Other changes
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21700 ng/kg/31W- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005
Liver: Other changes
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1000 ng/kg/12D- intermittent TOXID9 78,245,2004
Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity TOXID9 78,246,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects TOXID9 78,247,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.9 mg/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 -,167,2008
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 60,235,2001
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects JTEHF8 69,381,2006
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOVEFN (6),34,2003
Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1100 ng/kg/10W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1540 ng/kg/14W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3220 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2650 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1550 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Other changes NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Angiosarcoma
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Reproductive: Other effects on female
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Angiosarcoma
Gastrointestinal: Tumors
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasia NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia
Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Blood: Eosinophilia
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 465 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Gastrointestinal: Tumors
Vascular: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Gastrointestinal: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1560 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15500 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas NTPTR* NTP-TR-521
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct ARTODN 76,113,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 44,416,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4900 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 44,416,2005
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 98 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 44,416,2005
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)
Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4D- intermittent ARTODN 77,280,2003
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/30D- intermittent TOXID9 66,168,2002
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 37.5 ng/kg/8D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 66,169,2002
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOXID9 66,170,2002
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10.5 µg/kg/15W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 66,157,2002
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 60 µg/kg/6D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 248,178,2010
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/4D- intermittent TXAPA9 251,119,2011
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Liver: Other changes
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1000 µg/kg/10D- intermittent TXAPA9 251,119,2011
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 251,119,2011
Liver: Changes in liver weight
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3600 ng/kg/2W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 301,85,2012
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
Skin and Appendages: Tumors
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 910 mg/kg/26W- continuous TOXID9 78,367,2004
Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
Liver: Changes in liver weight
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg/20W- intermittent Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other TXAPA9 102,362,1990
Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight FCTOD7 42,1217,2004
Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 ng/kg/1W- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation FCTOD7 42,1217,2004
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 ng/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) FCTOD7 42,1217,2004
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport FCTOD7 42,1217,2004
Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 97 µg/kg/13W- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen NCITR* NCI-TR-201-82
Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
Liver: Other changes
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight CRNGDP 15,1143,1994
Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformed
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6300 ng/kg/9W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases CRNGDP 15,1143,1994
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 ng/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 197,212,2004
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 17 µg/kg/19W- intermittent Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures TOSCF2 69,482,2002
Vascular: Structural changes in vessels
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 170 µg/kg/19W- intermittent TOSCF2 69,482,2002
Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 ng/kg/20W- intermittent Musculoskeletal: Other changes TOXRE* 2,472,2015
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TOXID9 60,269,2001
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,16,2009
Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/14D- intermittent TOXID9 72,230,2003
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy)
unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy) TOXID9 72,121,2003
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9100 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 72,264,2003
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 102.4 µg/kg/32D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 44,416,2005
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent TOXID9 44,416,2005
Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes
Endocrine: Other changes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 51.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent TOXID9 44,416,2005
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9.8 µg/kg/14W- intermittent TOXID9 78,19,2004
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
Liver: Other changes
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.0075 µg/kg/3D- intermittent TOXID9 66,62,2002
Endocrine: Other changes
Reviews
Organization Standard Reference
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 69,33,1997
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 100F,371,2012
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 15,41,1977
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMSUDL 7,350,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT 69,33,1997
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 100F,371,2012
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Group 1 IMEMDT 69,33,1997
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Group 1 IMEMDT 100F,371,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH 59,1,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPAAQ 94,125,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CHRYAQ 47(2),15,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 3,187,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RPZHAW 26,623,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BIOGAL 40(2),44,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW STEVA8 2,305,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ 15,121,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTXAV 17,95,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PHTHDT 7,513,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 47,141,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARTODN 40,161,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVSRBT 2,708,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** PB82-922905
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MEPAAX 29,59,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VHTODE 22,31,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MGLFDB -,123,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 25,257,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI 22,517,1982
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARTODN 44,211,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DMTRAR 13,387,1982
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI 43,309,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 134,3,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 138,9,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 140-141,3,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 561,147,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 15,431,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 197,49,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 198,111,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TPHSDY 24,508,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 20,441,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 32,311,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EJIME* 12,406,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 22,164,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 613,17,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NETOX* 26,531,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,70,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,334,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,136,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TIHEEC 16,305,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BCLPT* 96,131,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HETOEA 25,413,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 658,124,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 6,115,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 7,1,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 9,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 23,337,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 659,248,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 659,202,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 17,69,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 17,137,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 19,111,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 23,133,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ITODC* -,327,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HUTOX* -,551,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 46,813,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 674,3,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 674,137,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 636,36,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 681,80,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 682,94,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FESTAS 89(Suppl 3),1287,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FESTAS 90,911,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NEUCL* 23,377,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,165,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,172,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,319,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,327,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 727,16,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,363,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 48,1439,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 728,47,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NRTXDN 31,589,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 714,105,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 717,46,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 38,1,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 34,298,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EMMUEG 54,480,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EMMUEG 54,455,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 254,86,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 760,1,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 764-765,36,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 45,94,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 30,89,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 210,338,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 307,74,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 230,146,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 230,225,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 261,227,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 764,64,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 31,117,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 266,67,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 86,298,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 313,3,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 325,74,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NETEEC 52,25,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 69,174,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 773,134,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 774,12,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 54,141,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 107,20,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 270,88,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 374,60,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 110,229,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RTOPDW 57,43,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RTOPDW 58,79,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 81,147,2018
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VETOX* ,339,2018
Standards and Regulations
Organization Standard Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY MAK 0.01 ng/m3, inhal, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN 1 carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND MAK-week 10 pg/m3, inhal, skin, JAN2011
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
Organization Standard Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TCDD-air Carcinogen lowest feasible concentration NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 Hazard Code X7301; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 3; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 14; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 5
Status in Federal Agencies
Organization Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/89/214522/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Rodent dominant lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (dermal);clear evidence:mouse NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,rat
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 40, 1984
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Known to be a human carcinogen
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 2000
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 2000
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 2000
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
* Facebook
* Twitter
* LinkedIn
* Syndicate
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
* Licensing Agreement Signed for RTECS
* How Do I Access the RTECS Database?
* Features of the RTECS Database
Follow NIOSH
* Facebook
* Pinterest
* Twitter
* YouTube
NIOSH Homepage
* Workplace Safety & Health Topics
* Publications and Products
* Programs
* Contact NIOSH
* About CDC
* Contact Us
* 800-232-4636
Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest Snapchat
Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest Snapchat RSS
* CONTACT CDC
Contact Us
Call 800-232-4636
Email Us
* ABOUT CDC
+ About CDC
+ Jobs
+ Funding
* POLICIES
+ Accessibility
+ External Links
+ Privacy
+ Policies
+ Web Policies
+ No Fear Act
+ FOIA
+ OIG
+ No Fear Act
+ Nondiscrimination
+ Vulnerability Disclosure Policy
+ CDC Archive
+ Public Health Publications
+ HHS.gov
+ USA.gov
* CONNECT WITH US
+ Facebook
+ Twitter
+ Instagram
+ LinkedIn
+ Youtube
+ Pinterest
+ Snapchat
+ Email
* LANGUAGES
+ Español
+ 繁體中文
+ Tiếng Việt
+ 한국어
+ Tagalog
+ Русский
+ العربية
+ Kreyòl Ayisyen
+ Français
+ Polski
+ Português
+ Italiano
+ Deutsch
+ 日本語
+ فارسی
+ English
* U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
* Accessibility
* External Links
* Privacy
* Policies
* Web Policies
* FOIA
* OIG
* No Fear Act
* FOIA
* Nondiscrimination
* OIG
* Vulnerability Disclosure Policy
* CDC Archive
* Public Health Publications
* HHS.gov
* USA.gov
Content Credential
×
This image was edited or created using GenAI (generative artificial intelligence).
Our experts review all images in an effort to ensure accuracy and quality before use.
Learn more about CDC's usage of GenAI.
Exit Notification/Disclaimer Policy
Close
Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.
* The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
* Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
* You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
* CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.
For more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website Disclaimers.
Cancel Continue
Note: Comparison ignores leading/trailing whitespace and certain script/tracking codes. Word-level highlighting (optional above) only applies to changed lines.