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Original site: www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/HP3567E0.html | RestoredCDC.org is an independent project, not affiliated with CDC or any federal entity. Visit CDC.gov for free official information. Due to archival on January 6, 2025, recent outbreak data is unavailable. Videos are not restored. Access data.restoredcdc.org for restored data. Use of this site implies acceptance of this disclaimer.[More]About Us Report Bug Compare ContentSkip directly to page optionsThe National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving Lives, Protecting PeopleSearchSearch Menu Navigation Menu× NIOSHNIOSH All CDCSubmit* Licensing Agreement Signed for RTECS* How Do I Access the RTECS Database?* Features of the RTECS Database* The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) HomeThe National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)1. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)Dibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-Related PagesRTECS #HP3500000CAS #1746-01-6; 56795-67-6See: NMAM or OSHA MethodsUpdatedMarch 2019Molecular Weight321.96Molecular FormulaC12H4Cl4O2Synonyms2,3,7,8-Czterochlorodwubenzo-p-dwuoksyny (Polish)2,3,7,8-TCDD2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxan2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)Dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-Dioksyny (Polish)DioxinDioxin (herbicide contaminant)DioxineNCI-C03714TCDBDTCDDTetradioxinSkin and Eye Irritation and ReferencesRoute/Organism Dose Effect Referenceeye /rabbit 2 mg moderate EVHPAZ 5,87,1973Mutation Data and ReferenceSystem Test Route/Organism/Tissue Dose ReferenceCytogenetic Analysis oral/rat 100 µg/kg MUREAV 47,141,1978Cytogenetic Analysis intraperitoneal/rat 10 mg/kg MUREAV 47,141,1978Cytogenetic Analysis oral/mouse 100 µg/kg TXAPA9 29,229,1974Cytogenetic Analysis intraperitoneal/mouse 10 µg/kg PSSID2 5,419,1982Cytogenetic Analysis lung/rat 104 µg/kg/13W- intermittent TOVEFN (5),2,1998Cytogenetic Analysis lung/mouse 10 µg/kg TOVEFN (5),2,1998DNA adduct intraperitoneal/rat 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent CMSHAF 25,975,1992DNA adduct oral/rat 0.021 mg/kg/30W- intermittent CRTOEC 14,849,2001DNA adduct other cell types/human 10 nmol/L/12H MUREAV 750,77,2013DNA Damage liver/rat 5 µmol/L/48H FCTOD7 50,2142,2012DNA Damage lymphocyte/human 0.5 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012DNA Damage sperm/human 0.1 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012DNA Damage lymphocyte/human 0.1 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012DNA Damage sperm/human 0.5 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 743,25,2012DNA Damage oral/rat 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent JJTHEC 65,825,2002DNA Damage unreported route/rat 100 µg/kg CALEDQ 29,281,1988DNA Damage oral/mouse 100 µg/kg BPBLEO 29,2284,2006DNA Damage mammary gland/human 1 nmol/L/5H TOLED5 172,146,2007DNA Damage ovary/hamster 0.5 nmol/L MUREAV 563,71,2004DNA Damage other cell types/mouse 10 nmol/L/24H TXCYAC 255,65,2009DNA Damage oral/rat 100 µg/kg CALEDQ 39,281,1988DNA inhibition intraperitoneal/rat 10 µg/kg CBINA8 8,31,1974DNA inhibition oral/rat 200 µg/kg CBINA8 8,31,1974DNA inhibition intraperitoneal/mouse 400 µg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977DNA inhibition other cell types/human 10 nmol/L TXAPA9 77,434,1985DNA inhibition other cell types/human 1 µmol/L/20H (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 746,124,2012gene conversion and mitotic recombination ovary/hamster 0.5 nmol/L/24H TOXID9 72,369,2003gene conversion and mitotic recombination /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 10 mg/L CMSHAF 12,549,1983host-mediated assay Saccharomyes cerevisiae/mouse 25 µg/kg CMSHAF 12,549,1983micronucleus test liver/rat 5 µmol/L/48H FCTOD7 50,2142,2012morphological transform fibroblast/mouse 10 nmol/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 37,231,2001morphological transform mammary gland/human 1 nmol/L/14D MUREAV 579,189,2005morphological transform fibroblast/mouse 200 nmol/L ENMUDM 6,461,1984mutation in mammalian somatic cells lymphocyte/mouse 50 mg/L ENMUDM 4,391,1982mutation in microorganisms /Salmonella typhimurium 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) AMBOCX 1,32,1972mutation in microorganisms /Escherichia coli 2 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) AMBOCX 1,1,1972mutation in microorganisms /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 10 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) CMSHAF 12,549,1983mutation in microorganisms /Saccharomyes cerevisiae 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) PSSID2 5,429,1982other mutation test systems other cell types/mouse 1 nmol/L JBCHA3 259,12357,1984other mutation test systems oral/mouse 50 µg/kg TXCYAC 56,239,1989other mutation test systems liver/rat 1 nmol/L/48H MUREAV 615,87,2007other mutation test systems other cell types/human 1 µmol/L/20H (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 746,124,2012phage inhibition capacity /Escherichia coli 500 µg/L AMBOCX 1,1,1972Unscheduled DNA Synthesis other cell types/human 100 pmol/L CRNGDP 11,1335,1990Unscheduled DNA Synthesis intravenous/rat 4 µg/kg BCPCA6 31,2459,1982Unscheduled DNA Synthesis oral/rat 5 µg/kg TXCYAC 28,133,1983Unscheduled DNA Synthesis oral/mouse 800 pmol/kg CRNGDP 8,1433,1987Reproductive Effects Data and ReferencesRoute/Organism Dose Effect Referenceintraperitoneal/rat 6 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic BCPCA6 26,1383,1977Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)intraperitoneal/mouse 25 µg/kg (7-11D pregnant) TXCYAC 20,299,1981Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)intraperitoneal/mouse 20 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) ATSUDG 8,43,1985intraperitoneal/rat 50 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TXAPA9 173,38,2001intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemintraperitoneal/mouse 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 78,98,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effectsintraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOSCF2 94,163,2006intraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOSCF2 94,163,2006Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, earintraperitoneal/mouse 30 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects TOLED5 196,87,2010Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXCYAC 290,156,2011Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesoral/mouse 6 µg/kg (0-7D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXAPA9 277,172,2014Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusoral/mouse 0.2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TXAPA9 278,220,2015Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TXAPA9 278,220,2015Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXCYAC 314,125,2013Reproductive: Effects on newborn: PhysicalReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/mouse 0.6 µg/kg (12D pregnant) NETEEC 52,42,2015Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physicaloral/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Prostate tumors TXAPA9 305,242,2016Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/mouse 8 mg/kg (1D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOLED5 189,40,2009Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/mouse 3 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities NRTXDN 31,385,2010Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 3.2 µg/kg (1-16D pregnant) FCTOD7 49,1276,2011Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemReproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)oral/mouse 7.7 µg/kg (4W male/4W prior to copulation/1-21D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TIHEEC 24,595,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effectsoral/mouse 64 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TIHEEC 25,473,2009oral/rat 700 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NRTXDN 27,1032,2006oral/rat 100 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic NRTXDN 27,1032,2006oral/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TXCYAC 242,52,2007Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)oral/rat 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TXCYAC 240,170,2007Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TXCYAC 240,170,2007oral/rat 352.8 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TXCYAC 240,170,2007Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/rat 1.1 µg/kg (9-19D pregnant) TOLED5 173,41,2007Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physicaloral/rat 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 22,521,2006oral/monkey 4 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) BDERB* 71,37,2004oral/monkey 4 µg/kg (20D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) BDERB* 71,37,2004oral/mouse 180 µg/kg (8-9D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TSPLS* -,218,2003oral/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TERAD* -,247,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/mouse 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 -,140,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/mouse 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 -,140,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) systemoral/mouse 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 -,140,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/mouse 10 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 23,326,2007oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 23,326,2007Reproductive: Other effects on femaleoral/rat 1.6 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 -,228,2008Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathoral/rat 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system TOXID9 -,161,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/mouse 0.1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 -,164,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemoral/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 12,437,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/mouse 10 µg/kg (1D after birth) TOXID9 12,416,2008Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemoral/mouse 10 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 12,437,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathoral/rat 6 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TXAPA9 224,29,2007Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/rat 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TXAPA9 224,29,2007Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsoral/rat 3 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TXAPA9 224,29,2007Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertilityoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOSCF2 91,568,2006Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsoral/rat 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOSCF2 91,568,2006Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 78,248,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/mouse 2.5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TXAPA9 232,51,2008Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)oral/mouse 14 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 24,303,2007Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)oral/mouse 0.01 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOPADD 36,1006,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system JPETAB 329,1091,2009Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (0-7D pregnant) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Breast development REPTED 28,11,2009oral/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 44,418,2005Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 10 gm/kg (1D after birth) TOXID9 44,439,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 78,189,2004oral/rat 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,168,2002oral/rat 180 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 66,168,2002Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 66,170,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 100 ng/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 78,381,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioraloral/rat 180 ng/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 1,114,2001oral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,333,2002oral/rat 1 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,333,2002oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,273,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 60,273,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/rat 12.5 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio TOXID9 60,274,2001oral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TOXID9 60,274,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TOXID9 60,274,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 60,274,2001oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TOXID9 60,332,2001oral/rat 60 ng/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 60,444,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 205,98,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicReproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TXAPA9 205,98,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/mouse 400 ng/kg (1-8D pregnant) REPTED 21,301,2006Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/mouse 150 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) REPTED 21,301,2006Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)oral/mouse 250 ng/kg (4-8D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) REPTED 21,301,2006Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 227,117,2006Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TOXID9 227,117,2006Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/rat 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 227,117,2006Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/rat 1.6 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 212,224,2006Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathoral/rat 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) TXAPA9 212,224,2006Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio TXAPA9 205,98,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: PhysicalReproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicoral/rat 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 205,98,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/mouse 0.2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOSCF2 71,84,2003Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 68,465,2002Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendagesReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 68,479,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOSCF2 76,171,2003Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TOSCF2 71,84,2003Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioraloral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (10-16D pregnant) NETEEC 25,459,2003Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 700 ng/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 72,125,2003Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects EVHPAZ 110(Suppl 3),369,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicEndocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicityoral/rat 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) EVHPAZ 110,247,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralReproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) BIREBV 66,1621,2002Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 20 ng/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral EVHPAZ 109,621,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) TXAPA9 184,57,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirthoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),365,2003oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),366,2003Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NRTXDN 24,207,2003Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)oral/mouse 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 44,138,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TXAPA9 197,211,2004Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemoral/rat 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TXCYAC 197,57,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) TOSCF2 52,45,1999Reproductive: Effects on newborn: PhysicalReproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/mouse 3 µg/kg (8D pregnant) TOSCF2 52,45,1999Reproductive: Effects on newborn: PhysicalReproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)oral/rat 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus ETOPFR 11,1,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) TOXID9 44,251,2005Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemoral/mouse 4.4 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TOLED5 150,285,2004Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TXAPA9 174,216,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 1.4 µg/kg (10-15D pregnant) NETEEC 22,511,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemoral/mouse 15 µg/kg (14D pregnant) CMSHAF 25,103,1992Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) BIRSB5 62,184,2000Reproductive: Effects on newborn: PhysicalReproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusoral/mouse 5 µg/kg (9D pregnant) ARTODN 67,591,1993Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioraloral/rat 0.18 µg/kg (15D pregnant) NETEEC 24,209,2002Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/mammal (species unspecified) 19 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) VHTODE 43,134,2001oral/mammal (species unspecified) 2.4 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) VHTODE 43,134,2001oral/mammal (species unspecified) 699.6 ng/kg (132D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) VHTODE 43,134,2001oral/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) TCMUD8 20,73,2000Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat 45 ng/kg (45D male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct JJATDK 22,345,2002Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsReproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioraloral/monkey 92 ng/kg (46W pre-17W after birth) NETEEC 11,13,1989Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/monkey 107 mg/kg (4Y male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral CMSHAF 20,1103,1990oral/monkey 123 ng/kg (30W pre-17W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TOXID9 3,68,1983oral/monkey 163 ng/kg (182W prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NETEEC 14,433,1992oral/monkey 2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion BESCE5 13,26,2000Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)oral/rabbit 2500 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) ENVRAL 27,74,1982Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)oral/rabbit 10 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) ENVRAL 27,74,1982Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortionoral/rabbit 1 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system ENVRAL 27,74,1982oral/hamster 18 µg/kg (9D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death CMSHAF 20,1117,1990Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/hamster 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) TOSCF2 51,259,1999Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 134,241,1995Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TXAPA9 134,241,1995Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsoral/rat 0.35 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system CMSHAF 18,955,1989oral/rat 0.125 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system CMSHAF 18,955,1989Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal systemoral/rat 13 µg/kg (7-19D pregnant) BCPCA6 32,991,1983Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesoral/rat 12 µg/kg (4-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system BCPCA6 32,991,1983Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)oral/monkey 0.535 µg/kg (30W prior to copulation) ANYAA9 -,419,1979Reproductive: Effects on fertility: AbortionReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vaginaoral/mouse 50 µg/kg (105D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes EVHPAZ 105,750,1997Reproductive: Other reproductive system tumorsoral/mouse 1 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system EVHPAZ 5,81,1973oral/mouse 9 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TXAPA9 98,487,1989oral/mouse 13500 mg/kg (6-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TJADAB 44,385,1991oral/mouse 235 µg/kg (28D pre-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system DCTODJ 2,77,1979Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/mouse 20 µg/kg (14D preg/3D after birth) IJIMDS 2,301,1980Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsReproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)oral/mouse 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) TJADAB 33,29,1986Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)oral/rat 12 µg/kg (10D pregnant) TJADAB 55,326,1997Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/rat 1500 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) TJADAB 25(1),21A,1982Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathoral/rat 1250 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) FCTXAV 9,405,1971Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesReproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 150,254,1998Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effectsReproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertilityoral/rat 1270 ng/kg (multigenerations) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) TXAPA9 50,241,1979Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TXAPA9 140,146,1996oral/rat 20 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TXCYAC 21,77,1981oral/hamster 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 131,108,1995oral/hamster 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical TOSCF2 51,259,1999oral/mouse 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system MOPMA3 35,18,1989Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)oral/mouse 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) TOXID9 13,103,1993Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)oral/mouse 240 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) ARTODN 69,87,1994oral/mouse 320 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) ARTODN 69,87,1994oral/mouse 480 µg/kg (1D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system ARTODN 69,87,1994Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertilityoral/rat 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TXAPA9 133,285,1995Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 146,11,1997Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 56 mg/kg (10-16D pregnant) TOLED5 78,253,1995Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemoral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) TOXID9 14,197,1994Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat 0.064 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 10,313,1990Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 127,241,1994Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)oral/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TXAPA9 127,250,1994Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) BIREBV 55,62,1996Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)oral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TXAPA9 140,146,1996Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemoral/rat 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 15,292,1995oral/rat 1 µg/kg (18D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 15,292,1995parenteral/rat 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 14,197,1994subcutaneous/rat 185 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring) TXAPA9 150,383,1998subcutaneous/rat 2700 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system TXAPA9 150,383,1998subcutaneous/rat 3 µg/kg (19D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TJADAB 40,292,1989subcutaneous/rat 5 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TXAPA9 20,396,1971subcutaneous/rat 2200 ng/kg (19D preg/21D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) CMSHAF 25,1227,1992Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)subcutaneous/mouse 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system BECTA6 16,674,1976Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)subcutaneous/mouse 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) BECTA6 16,674,1976Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathsubcutaneous/mouse 100 µg/kg (2D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TCMUD8 4,427,1984subcutaneous/mouse 30 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) MOPMA3 17,86,1980subcutaneous/mouse 100 µg/kg (10D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TCMUD8 4,427,1984Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory systemsubcutaneous/rat 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/9-16D after birth) BCPCA6 62,617,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicsubcutaneous/rat 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/2D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system BCPCA6 59,1147,2000subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (8D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (9D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980subcutaneous/mouse 90 µg/kg (11D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TJADAB 21,62A,1980Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)subcutaneous/monkey 405 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) REPTED 20,21,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)subcutaneous/monkey 34.5 ng/kg (20D preg-90D after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TOLED5 160,233,2006subcutaneous/monkey 42 ng/kg (20-173D preg/1-90D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 29,317,2010Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemsubcutaneous/monkey 40.5 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) TXCYAC 251,147,2008Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicunreported route/mouse 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TERST* -,290,2005unreported route/rat 5 ng/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 28,32,2009unreported route/rat 0.14 ng/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system REPTED 28,32,2009unreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis TOXID9 -,349,2009Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicunreported route/mouse 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 -,350,2009Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsunreported route/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 -,385,2009unreported route/rat 2 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 -,117,2009unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 -,131,2009Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicunreported route/rat 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 60,24,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemunreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendages TOXID9 66,300,2002Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemunreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001unreported route/mouse 135 µg/kg (16D preg-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001unreported route/mouse 150 µg/kg (13D preg-21D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 60,333,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioralunreported route/mouse 200 µg/kg (13D pregnant) TOXID9 60,440,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)unreported route/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system TOXID9 60,181,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemReproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy)unreported route/mouse 15 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation/7-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female TOXID9 78,218,2004Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)unreported route/mouse 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) TOXID9 66,169,2002Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesunreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 66,168,2002unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities TOXID9 66,132,2002unreported route/rat 4 µg/kg (15D preg/3D after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 66,132,2002unreported route/mouse 3 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system TOXID9 44,172,2005Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial systemunreported route/mouse 10 µg/kg (14-16D pregnant) TOXID9 44,181,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicunreported route/mouse 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TOXID9 44,138,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)unreported route/rat 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TOXID9 44,139,2005Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physicalunreported route/rat 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects TOXID9 44,139,2005unreported route/mouse 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 44,145,2005unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,112,2005unreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (17D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 44,113,2005unreported route/rat 0.8 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) HBPTO* 1,741,2001unreported route/rat 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system HBPTO* 1,741,2001Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemunreported route/rat 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) HBPTO* 1,741,2001Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physicalunreported route/mouse 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 72,113,2003unreported route/mouse 1.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system TOXID9 72,121,2003unreported route/mouse 5.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) TOXID9 72,121,2003unreported route/mouse 12 µg/kg (6-14D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system CMSHAF 25,115,1992Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductunreported route/rat 1500 mg/kg (1D male) ATSUDG 11,344,1987Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsunreported route/rat 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system TOXID9 14,382,1994Tumorigenic Data and ReferencesRoute/Organism Dose Effect ReferenceTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.61 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors TXAPA9 179,21,2002Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogensTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.208 mg/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTIS** PB82-163445Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/mouse toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteriaoral/mouse toxic dose: 36 µg/kg/52W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors NATUAS 278,548,1979Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163445Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 164 µg/kg/78W- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors CMSHAF 6,625,1977Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 190 µg/kg/95W- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors CMSHAF 6,537,1977Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 27 µg/kg/65W- continuous Liver: Tumors FEPRA7 36,396,1977Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 328 µg/kg/78W- continuous PESTC* 5,12,1977Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 137 µg/kg/65W- continuous Liver: Tumors FEPRA7 36,396,1977Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 73 µg/kg/2Y- continuous ANYAA9 320,397,1979Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982Endocrine: Thyroid tumorsTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: AngiosarcomaTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 33580 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: AngiosarcomaTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 62 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982Skin and Appendages: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaskin/mouse toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Skin and Appendages: Tumors BECTA6 18,552,1977Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of applicationTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteriaskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.0594 mg/kg/99W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163684Skin and Appendages: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.01188 mg/kg/99W- intermittent NTIS** PB82-163684Skin and Appendages: TumorsTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriasubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Tumors FCTOD7 46,2629,2008Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogensAcute Toxicity Data and ReferencesRoute/Organism Dose Effect ReferenceIn Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.00478 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 248,185,2010In Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.0072 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 266,38,2013In Vitro/bla Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.027 nmol/L/7M Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 266,38,2013In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 237,100,2015In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/6H Endocrine: Androgenic TOLED5 225,264,2014In Vitro/btd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H Endocrine: Estrogenic TOLED5 225,264,2014Endocrine: AndrogenicIn Vitro/Chicken, embryo Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.04 µg/kg/7D TOLED5 205,190,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysEndocrine: EstrogenicIn Vitro/Chicken, embryo Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.16 µg/kg/7D TOLED5 205,190,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 ng/L/8H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay TXCYAC 290,258,2011In Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 ng/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay TXCYAC 290,258,2011In Vitro/cmb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 ng/L/4H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 290,258,2011In Vitro/Human, blood (whole or unspecified cells) Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/1H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 235,28,2015In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/11D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 40,79,2017In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/3H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro TXCYAC 275,72,2010In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/20M In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 275,72,2010In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 20 nmol/L/12H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 283,18,2011In Vitro/Human, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/12H Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca TXCYAC 283,18,2011In Vitro/Human, colon tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,2283,2013Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)In Vitro/Human, embryonic cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/24H TOLED5 232,384,2015Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationIn Vitro/Human, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 29,769,2015In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro/Human, endothelium Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/24H TXAPA9 245,91,2010Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesIn Vitro/Human, endothelium Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 245,91,2010In Vitro/Human, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/11D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 40,79,2017In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 262,173,2016In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 275,77,2017In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.001 µmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 258,176,2012In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 199,225,2010In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 199,225,2010In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/1H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 270,34,2017In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 337,39,2017In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 262,173,2016In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.21 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXCYAC 324,68,2014In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 387 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TIVIEQ 28,1507,2014In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc.In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 6 nmol/L/24H TIVIEQ 28,1507,2014Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial functionIn Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 209,58,2012In Vitro/Human, lung tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1719,2013In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 337,39,2017In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3 nmol/L/3D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011In Vitro/Human, melanoma Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases FCTOD7 50,1933,2012In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)In Vitro/Human, melanoma Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. FCTOD7 50,2142,2012In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 56,55,2016In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.In Vitro/Human, oral mucosa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/5D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell growth: Colony formation TXAPA9 305,186,2016In Vitro/Human, oral mucosa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/3D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis TXAPA9 305,186,2016In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 196S,S239,2010In Vitro/ilb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 238,43,2015In Vitro/jda Inhibitor Concentration Low: 40 nmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 196,87,2010In Vitro/jda Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TOLED5 196,87,2010In Vitro/jkh Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays FCTOD7 111,374,2018In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 255,24,2016In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 pmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1467,2013In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity (prelabeled cells): release of radioactive isotopes ([51Cr], [3H]-thymidine, [3H]-proline, [35S]- or [75Se]-methionine, 5-[125I]-2-deoxy-uridine) or fluorescent dyes (bis-carboxyethyl-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) or calcein-AM) TOLED5 211,257,2012In Vitro/jrd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases FCTOD7 50,3320,2012In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.0496 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,152,2011In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.6 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,152,2011In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.0496 nmol/L/24H Endocrine: Estrogenic TOLED5 206,152,2011In Vitro/jtf Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/15M In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 304,32,2013In Vitro/jti Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,178,2011In Vitro/jti Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 206,178,2011In Vitro/jzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 202,15,2011In Vitro/mga Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/12D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 202,226,2011In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TXAPA9 254,299,2011In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/0.5H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 257,38,2011In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 247,60,2010In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 254,299,2011In Vitro/mlb Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 233,59,2015In Vitro/Mouse, bone marrow Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.001 nmol/L/7D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TXAPA9 246,18,2010In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 254,299,2011In Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TXAPA9 254,299,2011In Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/2H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 252,150,2011Endocrine: Other changesIn Vitro/Mouse, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/96H TXAPA9 261,88,2012Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting TOLED5 223,73,2013In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 238,17,2015In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 273,10,2017In Vitro/Mouse, neuroblastom Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 µmol/L/48H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TIVIEQ 27,1634,2013In Vitro/mpd Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3D Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXAPA9 255,251,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiationIn Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3D TXAPA9 280,502,2014In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 263,210,2012In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 pmol/L/20D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015In Vitro/mqa Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 12.8 pmol/L In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 29,876,2015In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/6H TOLED5 207,251,2011Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationIn Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 207,251,2011In Vitro/mtg Inhibitor Concentration Low: 25 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 207,251,2011In Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.3 nmol/L/72H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TXAPA9 268,17,2013In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiationIn Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/3D TOLED5 220,109,2013In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro/mzx Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/8D In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation TIVIEQ 27,1634,2013In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TOLED5 282,121,2018In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 11 pmole/L/48H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) AQUTO* 190,150,2017In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 3.3 pmole/L/48H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) AQUTO* 190,150,2017In Vitro/paa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 312,132,2013In Vitro/paa Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 312,132,2013In Vitro/pad Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 pmol/L/96H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays NRTXDN 52,64,2016In Vitro/pad Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays NRTXDN 52,64,2016In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc. TOLED5 224,362,2014In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TOLED5 224,362,2014In Vitro/pah Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/3H Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TXCYAC 308,158,2013In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 300 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro TOLED5 226,294,2014In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 50 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 44,149,2014In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell morphology: overgrowth of cell appendixes etc.In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.In Vitro/Rat, endocrine tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 nmol/L/24H NRTXDN 37,63,2013In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitroBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesIn Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H TXCYAC 279,146,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysIn Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 pmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXCYAC 279,146,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell countingIn Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H TXCYAC 279,146,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc.In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays TXAPA9 249,55,2010In Vitro/Rat, neurons Inhibitor Concentration Low: 300 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro NRTXDN 37,63,2013In Vitro/Rat, neurons Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/24H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. NRTXDN 44,149,2014In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)In Vitro/Rat, testis Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. TXAPA9 252,273,2011In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesintracerebral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg JPETAB 329,1091,2009Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesintraperitoneal/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 60,441,2001Behavioral: Comaintraperitoneal/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression TOXID9 60,441,2001Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosisBehavioral: Food intake (animal)intraperitoneal/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JTEHD6 35,187,1992Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changesLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 29.9 ng/kg BCPCA6 36,1535,1988Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsintraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 1.8 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BCPCA6 36,1535,1988intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) BCPCA6 35,2737,1986Liver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg BCPCA6 35,2737,1986Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight BCPCA6 35,2737,1986intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg Liver: Other changes BCPCA6 35,2737,1986Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): >3 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 55,67,1980Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.6 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 92,155,1994Blood: Luekopeniaintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg CMSHAF 43,819,2001Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in aboveintraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 µg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) MOPMA3 13,924,1977Blood: Changes in spleenintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TXCYAC 80,217,1993Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune responseLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.29 µg/kg TXCYAC 80,217,1993Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesBlood: Changes in bone marrow not included in aboveintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg AECTCV 41,232,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotidesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 72,66,2003intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TOXID9 72,66,2003Endocrine: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above CMSHAF 25,103,1992Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferasesImmunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 11.19 µg/kg TXCYAC 63,97,1990Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOSCF2 69,117,2002Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in aboveintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia TXAPA9 181,32,2002Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 782 ng/kg TXAPA9 94,141,1988Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune responseLiver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 115 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 172,125,2002Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vaginaintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides TOSCF2 66,62,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases TOSCF2 69,109,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminasesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOSCF2 69,109,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminasesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport TOSCF2 69,109,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above TOLED5 129,1,2002Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune responseBlood: Changes in spleenintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg TXCYAC 178,241,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),336,2003Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in aboveintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TXAPA9 197,185,2004Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune responseBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 ng/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 78,18,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOLED5 157,89,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TOXID9 66,334,2002intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TOXID9 60,249,2001intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TOXID9 60,249,2001Endocrine: Changes in spleen weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg TOXID9 66,21,2002Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightBlood: Changes in spleenintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg ARTODN 78,290,2004Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response ARTODN 76,570,2002Endocrine: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 1,68,2001Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TOVEFN (2),20,1998Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal JTPAE7 18,41,2005Liver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Uncharacterized (multiple organ involvement) TOLED5 180,189,2008Liver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 -,195,2009Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistanceintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 -,29,2009intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above CRNGDP 30,11,2009Cardiac: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes FCTOD7 50,2325,2012Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TXCYAC 266,30,2009Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenasesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 257,38,2011Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TXAPA9 256,122,2011Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 256,122,2011Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: TransaminasesBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TXAPA9 259,143,2012Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOLED5 238,17,2015Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesCardiac: Pericarditisintraperitoneal/non-mammalian species lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg TOXID9 -,437,2009Cardiac: Other changesintraperitoneal/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 252 µg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 24600 ng/kg TXAPA9 45,513,1978intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TXAPA9 150,427,1998Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXAPA9 150,427,1998Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands TXCYAC 89,49,1994Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg ARTODN 53,177,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BBRCA9 125,996,1984Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight BBRCA9 160,1003,1989intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain BBRCA9 160,1003,1989Liver: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10.3 µg/kg TXAPA9 95,435,1988Endocrine: EstrogenicLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen ARTODN 53,177,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesEndocrine: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen ARTODN 53,177,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesBehavioral: Food intake (animal)intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg Liver: Other changes ARTODN 62,146,1988Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes LPDSAP 23,904,1988Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportLiver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Liver: Other changes LPDSAP 23,904,1988Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects JPETAB 248,62,1989Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) MOPMA3 13,924,1977Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TXCYAC 44,297,1987Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TXCYAC 44,297,1987Behavioral: Food intake (animal)intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg TXCYAC 44,297,1987Endocrine: HypoglycemiaEndocrine: Estrogenicintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 82.4 µg/kg CMSHAF 19,785,1989Endocrine: Other changesEndocrine: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg JTEHD6 16,481,1985Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Endocrine: Estrogenic TXAPA9 92,368,1988Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 29,61,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Endocrine: Changes in spleen weightintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Other changes ATXKA8 53,177,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolasesEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg TXCYAC 37,51,1985Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Behavioral: Food intake (animal)intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia TXCYAC 53,19,1988Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightintraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 125 µg/kg TXCYAC 53,19,1988Endocrine: Change in gonadotropinsintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TXAPA9 94,496,1988Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sitesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TXCYAC 76,103,1992Endocrine: Androgenicintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands TXCYAC 76,103,1992Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight TXCYAC 76,103,1992Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 19.31 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) CJPPA3 63,1537,1985Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vaginaintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg BCPCA6 39,485,1990Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight BCPCA6 39,485,1990intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 246,100,2010intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (25 percent kill): 1000 µg/kg TOXID9 66,334,2002Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg TOLED5 226,294,2014Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otherintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes NRTXDN 37,63,2013Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunctionintraperitoneal/wild bird lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg ETOCDK 16,985,1997Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/cattle lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria TOVEFN (1),30,2004Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.06 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)oral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 0.02 mg/kg Behavioral: Fluid intake TOVEFN (1),30,2004Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 0.1 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspneaoral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg FCTXAV 11,585,1973Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005oral/domestic animal lowest published lethal dose: 0.41 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004oral/domestic animal lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.22 mg/kg TOVEFN (1),30,2004Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)oral/domestic animal lowest published lethal dose: 0.13 mg/kg Behavioral: Fluid intake TOVEFN (1),30,2004Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/frog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 mg/kg SCAMAC 254,29,1986oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 ng/kg EVSRBT 2,708,1973Gastrointestinal: Other changesoral/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 55,67,1980Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005Liver: Other changesoral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4200 ng/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes AECTCV 17,33,1988Blood: Changes in spleenoral/monkey lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 µg/kg EXPEAM 38,879,1982Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubesoral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 0.004 mg/kg REPTED 15,377,2001Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disordersoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOSCF2 56,114,2000Eye: Mydriasis (pupilliary dilation)oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TXAPA9 29,229,1974Cardiac: Other changesEndocrine: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins NRTXDN 23,783,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otheroral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TXCYAC 172,49,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 172,49,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 156 µg/kg TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),363,2003Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine compositionoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003Blood: Other changesBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXCYAC 175,73,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOXID9 44,222,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 44,279,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherImmunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 188,15,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg TXCYAC 197,15,2004Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 197,15,2004Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 197,15,2004Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 197,15,2004Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg TXAPA9 190,120,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4000 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects TXAPA9 190,120,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TXAPA9 192,262,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXAPA9 192,275,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight BPBLEO 29,2284,2006Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainBlood: Changes in spleenoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 60,25,2001Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseoral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg BPBLEO 27,1397,2004Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXCYAC 224,191,2006Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruliGastrointestinal: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Hyperglycemia TXAPA9 205,89,2005Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight BPBLEO 32,876,2009Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins REPTED 23,326,2007Endocrine: Changes in spleen weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 256,25,2009Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseBlood: Changes in spleenoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg TOXID9 66,178,2002Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseLiver: Liver function tests impairedoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments TOXID9 44,389,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherLiver: Liver function tests impairedoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe TOXID9 44,389,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigmentsGastrointestinal: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Hyperglycemia TXAPA9 205,89,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOXID9 -,19,2009Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 -,416,2009Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg JAPTO* 28,724,2008Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferasesGastrointestinal: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg JTSCDR 34,SP349,2009Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune responseLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg CRTOEC 20,1573,2007Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 64 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration CRTOEC 20,1573,2007Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Multiple effectsoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TXAPA9 243,359,2010Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXCYAC 280,10,2011Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TXAPA9 256,154,2011Liver: Changes in liver weightLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 256,154,2011Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 256,154,2011Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 µg/kg TXAPA9 246,58,2010Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial functionEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TOLED5 215,100,2012Blood: Changes in spleenLiver: Other changesoral/pig lowest published toxic dose: 6 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes TOVEFN (1),30,2004Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 115 µg/kg TXAPA9 35,553,1976Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasiaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg NETEEC 15,365,1993Endocrine: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 90 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight TXCYAC 106,221,1996Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral responseoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TXCYAC 106,221,1996Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TXCYAC 106,221,1996Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainVascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic sectionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP TXCYAC 145,227,2000Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decreaseLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals LIFSAK 69,1291,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe LIFSAK 69,1291,2001oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals LIFSAK 69,1291,2001oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 128,97,1994Endocrine: Change in LHoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.03 µg/kg TXAPA9 142,264,1997Endocrine: Change in gonadotropinsNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg TXAPA9 106,112,1990Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes BCPCA6 33,2531,1984Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg JPETAB 215,601,1980Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Endocrine: Change in LHoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Androgenic BIREBV 45,143,1991Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg Endocrine: Androgenic TXAPA9 105,78,1990Behavioral: Food intake (animal)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6.25 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression TXAPA9 84,45,1986Endocrine: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXAPA9 84,45,1986Skin and Appendages: Other: Breastoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg Skin and Appendages: Tumors EVHPAZ 109,739,2001Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogensoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.077 µg/kg Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction TXAPA9 181,38,2002Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.3 µg/kg TXAPA9 181,38,2002Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6.3 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 181,38,2002Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.14 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 187,128,2003Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.83 µg/kg TXAPA9 187,128,2003Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 187,128,2003Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainReproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesisoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders TOLED5 78,219,1995Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes CRTOEC 13,1051,2000Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Endocrine: Androgenicoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) BCPCA6 36,727,1987Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg BCPCA6 31,3663,1982Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Endocrine: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) BCPCA6 35,4359,1986Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherReproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesisoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXAPA9 133,321,1995Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weightBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),361,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonaloral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg TOSCF2 71,112,2003Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases TOLED5 147,133,2004Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TOLED5 147,133,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionoral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 60 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOLED5 147,133,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) TXAPA9 197,354,2004oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Behavioral: Food intake (animal) TXAPA9 197,214,2004Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction TXCYAC 171,73,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg CBINA8 145,1,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferasesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes CBINA8 145,1,2003Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) CBINA8 145,1,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otheroral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOVEFN (6),14,2004oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TOVEFN (6),14,2004Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg JTSCDR 34,209,2009Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight JTSCDR 34,209,2009Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg TOXID9 -,416,2009Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TXCYAC 283,140,2011Endocrine: Change in LHoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg TOXID9 66,376,2002Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 207,1,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 µg/kg TOXID9 60,252,2001Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg TOXID9 60,236,2001Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TOXID9 60,138,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 78,19,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg TOXID9 44,418,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otheroral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 ng/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 66,169,2002Endocrine: Androgenicoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg TOXID9 66,170,2002Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainReproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glandsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg TOXID9 66,170,2002Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TOXID9 66,170,2002Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 250,132,2008Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 300 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 250,132,2008Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TXAPA9 233,314,2008Behavioral: Food intake (animal)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TXAPA9 233,314,2008Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,18,2009Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg TXAPA9 207,1,2005Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg Blood: Other changes TXAPA9 207,1,2005Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: TransaminasesLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina TXAPA9 212,224,2006Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOXID9 227,117,2006oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20 µg/kg ENTOX* -,70,2005Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonaloral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2000 µg/kg Liver: Fatty liver degeneration TXCYAC 235,39,2007Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 10000 µg/kg TXCYAC 235,39,2007Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight ARTODN 81,261,2007Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainEndocrine: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain ARTODN 81,261,2007Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation TXCYAC 308,158,2013Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesparenteral/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 60,440,2001Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseparenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg TOXID9 60,201,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherEndocrine: Other changesparenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 60,269,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherLiver: Other changesparenteral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 66,334,2002Blood: Changes in spleenskin/human lowest published toxic dose: 107 µg/kg Skin: After topical application: Dermatitis, allergic SCAMAC 254,29,1986Blood: Other changesskin/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 10 ng/kg TAEHC* VI:205,1,1998Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) countskin/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 80 µg/kg Gastrointestinal: Other changes RCOCB8 20,101,1978skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 275 µg/kg EVHPAZ 5,87,1973Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarctionsubcutaneous/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 1 ng/kg ARTODN 76,360,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsCardiac: Other changessubcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg NSAPCC 369(Suppl 1),R118,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsEndocrine: Change in LHsubcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 27.5 µg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TXAPA9 194,239,2004Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainsubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg Endocrine: Other changes JDPHDH 15,337,1991subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JDPHDH 15,337,1991subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 133,313,1995Liver: Changes in liver weightsubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg TXAPA9 133,313,1995Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainTank with water/Crayfish lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 µg/kg TIVIEQ 35,157,1996Liver: Other changesTank with water/Crayfish lowest published toxic concentration: 3 µg/kg TIVIEQ 35,157,1996Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)Cardiac: PericarditisTank with water/Trout lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.171 µg/kg TIVIEQ 31,315,1995Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 1 µg/L/20H Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TOLED5 198,119,2010Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalitiesTank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 ppb/24H Vascular: Measurement of regional blood flow TXAPA9 253,244,2011Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 ppb/4H Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases TXAPA9 253,244,2011Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomitingunreported route/human lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Blood: Normocytic anemia EVHPAZ 109,865,2001Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, otherGastrointestinal: Nausea or vomitingunreported route/human lowest published toxic dose: 6 µg/kg Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other EVHPAZ 109,865,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOXID9 78,19,2004Liver: Fatty liver degenerationunreported route/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 200 µg/kg ANYAA9 320,204,1979Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 0.32 µg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72,109,2003Liver: Other changesunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 8 µg/kg TOXID9 72,109,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymesCardiac: Other changesunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg TOXID9 -,436,2009Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Other changes TOXID9 -,385,2009unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 -,208,2009unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,16,2009unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen TOXID9 -,132,2009Liver: Other changesunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg TOXID9 78,247,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 24 µg/kg Liver: Changes in liver weight TOXID9 60,181,2001unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg Behavioral: Anticonvulsant TOXID9 60,442,2001unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold TOXID9 60,444,2001Endocrine: Change in LHunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins TOXID9 60,273,2001Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders TOXID9 60,273,2001unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 µg/kg TOXID9 60,331,2001Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 44,418,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherBehavioral: Food intake (animal)unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 50 µg/kg TOXID9 44,418,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otherunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 ng/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TOLED5 180S,S36,2008unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg Liver: Other changes TOXID9 -,206,2009unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 19 µg/kg TXAPA9 187,128,2003Other Multiple Dose Data and ReferencesRoute/Organism Dose Effect ReferenceLiver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 9260 ng/kg/4W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TOLED5 60,247,1992Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) countLiver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 180 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) CMSHAF 14,949,1985Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: TransaminasesLiver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/12W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight CMSHAF 19,927,1989Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified)intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight ARTODN 78,309,2004intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases ARTODN 78,309,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent ARTODN 78,309,2004Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008Liver: Changes in liver weightintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/8W- intermittent TXAPA9 226,107,2008Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/16W- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight TXAPA9 226,107,2008intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 66,334,2002Liver: Other changesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JCINAO 113,137,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferasesintraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 60 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) TOLED5 273,10,2017intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 246,100,2010Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain FCTOD7 45,2237,2007Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightLiver: Other changesintraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 240 ng/kg/8W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases TXCYAC 171,117,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesCardiac: Other changesoral/cattle lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOVEFN (1),30,2004Blood: Changes in spleenCardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarctionoral/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 0.22 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TOVEFN (1),30,2004Blood: Changes in spleenLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/domestic animal lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TOVEFN (1),30,2004Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 441 ng/kg/90D- continuous Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight FAATDF 6,454,1986Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 1600 ng/kg/8W- intermittent EVHPAZ 5,101,1973Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainEndocrine: Other changesoral/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes EVHPAZ 5,125,1973Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldLiver: Other changesoral/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 600 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases BECTA6 31,649,1983Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferasesoral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 1.68 µg/kg/14D- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain VHTODE 43,22,2001Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structuresoral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 3.36 µg/kg/28D- continuous VHTODE 43,22,2001Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldoral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 3.92 µg/kg/4W- continuous Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) VHTODE 43,134,2001oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 4.76 µg/kg/34D- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VHTODE 43,134,2001Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 18.48 µg/kg/132D- continuous Liver: Other changes VHTODE 43,134,2001Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainBlood: Other changesoral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 211.2 ng/kg/132D- continuous Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles) VHTODE 43,134,2001Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: FeEndocrine: Estrogenicoral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 5.35 µg/kg/30W- continuous ANYAA9 -,419,1979Endocrine: Other changesReproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 0.535 µg/kg/30W- continuous ANYAA9 -,419,1979Reproductive: Maternal effects: ParturitionGastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomachoral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/12D- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes BECTA6 18,108,1977Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldoral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 2.143 µg/kg/120D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response TOSCF2 56,374,2000oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 170.4 µg/kg/240D- intermittent Reproductive: Other effects on female TOSCF2 56,374,2000Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 97.5 ng/kg/13W- intermittent TXAPA9 124,82,1994Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulationoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TJADAB 33,29,1986Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 588 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight TXAPA9 112,128,1992Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightEndocrine: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/4W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight EVHPAZ 5,149,1973Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseLiver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 520 µg/kg/13W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldBlood: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 336 µg/kg/8W- continuous Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count JEPTDQ 4(2-3),401,1980Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg/15W- intermittent Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains EVHPAZ 105,750,1997Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4050 ng/kg/9W- intermittent Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section TOXID9 44,173,2005Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/18D- intermittent TXAPA9 229,10,2008Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg/5D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response TXCYAC 282,82,2011Liver: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg/5D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TXCYAC 282,82,2011Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseCardiac: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1350 ng/kg/60D- intermittent Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section TOXID9 12,454,2008Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases TOLED5 178,202,2008Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductasesEndocrine: Other changesoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/4W- continuous ETPAEK 61,406,2009Blood: Changes in spleenoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/2D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins REPTED 23,326,2007Skin and Appendages: Tumorsoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 81900 mg/kg/26W- continuous TOXID9 78,367,2004Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strainsoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TIHEEC 17,192,2001oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 475 µg/kg/178D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field TOXID9 66,168,2002Liver: Fatty liver degenerationoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg/6W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 29,229,1974Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 6 ng/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Estrogenic REPTED 21,301,2006oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 ng/kg/5D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight REPTED 21,301,2006oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2520 ng/kg/28D- continuous Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TXCYAC 321,1,2014Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine compositionoral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 210 µg/kg/28D- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TXAPA9 321,1,2017Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: FeEndocrine: Estrogenicoral/non-mammalian species lowest published toxic dose: 600 ng/kg/15D- continuous REPTED 25,47,2008Reproductive: Maternal effects: OogenesisLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/pig lowest published toxic dose: 0.35 mg/kg/7D- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen TOVEFN (1),30,2004Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldImmunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseoral/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/8W- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response NTIS** OTS0544117Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/80D- continuous EJPHAZ 293,429,1995Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous EJPHAZ 293,429,1995Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune responseBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg/30D- intermittent Blood: Changes in platelet count EVHPAZ 5,111,1973Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXAPA9 35,553,1976Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cellsLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonaloral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7300 mg/kg/2Y- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 46(2),279,1978Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine compositionLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg/16W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition BCPCA6 31,1607,1982Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigmentsLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe BECTA6 45,436,1990Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/45W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition TXAPA9 57,156,1981Blood: Change in clotting factorsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count EVHPAZ 5,119,1973Blood: Changes in platelet countLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects CMSHAF 43,807,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight CMSHAF 43,807,2001Blood: Microcytosis with or without anemiaEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg/13W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain CMSHAF 29,2381,1994Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldBlood: Changes in platelet countoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 41.9 µg/kg/13W- intermittent TXAPA9 146,217,1997Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 13 µg/kg/13D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) BCPCA6 32,991,1983Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otheroral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7 µg/kg/4W- continuous Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction CMSHAF 25,1239,1992oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.7 µg/kg/4W- continuous Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other CMSHAF 25,1239,1992Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/13W- continuous CMSHAF 25,1239,1992Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Conditioned vitamin deficiencyLiver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22.75 µg/kg/91D- continuous Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight CMSHAF 25,2023,1992Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/91D- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) CMSHAF 25,2023,1992Skin and Appendages: Other: Breastoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/7D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight EVHPAZ 103,708,1995Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weightEndocrine: Changes in thymus weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous EPEPEG 293,429,1995Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune responseoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/180D- continuous Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response EPEPEG 293,429,1995Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15.5 µg/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects TOXID9 78,19,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumorsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Liver: Tumors TOXID9 78,19,2004Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3.5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes TOXID9 66,9,2002Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreasoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9800 ng/kg/14W- continuous TOXID9 44,372,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1980 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other TOXID9 44,416,2005Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sitesBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport TXCYAC 171,127,2002Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/60D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight TOXID9 72,362,2003Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.07 µg/kg/28D- intermittent TXCYAC 178,45,2002Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 275 ng/kg/64D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72,361,2003Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNSoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 900 ng/kg/90D- intermittent TOXID9 72,77,2003Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes JAPTO* 22,345,2002Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalasesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent JAPTO* 22,345,2002Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes JJTHEC 65,825,2002oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3300 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) JJTHEC 65,825,2002Liver: Fatty liver degenerationoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 191,12,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 105 µg/kg/5W- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain VHTODE 43,22,2001Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight JJATDK 22,345,2002Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightCardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 72.8 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Vascular: Structural changes in vessels TOXID9 72,30,2003Liver: Other changesLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 110 ng/kg/22W- intermittent TOXID9 60,331,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otheroral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction FCTOD7 49,1276,2011Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 35,880,2007Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1113 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOPADD 35,880,2007oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOPADD 32,41,2004oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 651 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOPADD 33,165,2005oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: Other changesLiver: Fatty liver degenerationoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 37100 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: Other changesLiver: Fatty liver degenerationoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21700 ng/kg/31W- intermittent TOPADD 33,165,2005Liver: Other changesLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1000 ng/kg/12D- intermittent TOXID9 78,245,2004Endocrine: Changes in thymus weightLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity TOXID9 78,246,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects TOXID9 78,247,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.9 mg/kg/3D- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 -,167,2008Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 60,235,2001Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects JTEHF8 69,381,2006Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOVEFN (6),34,2003Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreasoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes NTPTR* NTP-TR-521oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1100 ng/kg/10W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-521oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1540 ng/kg/14W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3220 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2650 ng/kg/53W- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction NTPTR* NTP-TR-521oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1550 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Liver: Other changes NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: AngiosarcomaLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Reproductive: Other effects on femaleLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchioral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: AngiosarcomaGastrointestinal: Tumorsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasia NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumorsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Liver: Fatty liver degenerationoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Liver: Multiple effects NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasiaCardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarctionoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Blood: Eosinophiliaoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 465 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Gastrointestinal: TumorsVascular: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Gastrointestinal: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1560 ng/kg/104W- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi NTPTR* NTP-TR-521oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15500 ng/kg/31W- intermittent Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas NTPTR* NTP-TR-521Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct ARTODN 76,113,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 44,416,2005oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4900 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 44,416,2005Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 98 ng/kg/14W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 44,416,2005Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4D- intermittent ARTODN 77,280,2003Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effectsBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/30D- intermittent TOXID9 66,168,2002Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 37.5 ng/kg/8D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 66,169,2002Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) TOXID9 66,170,2002Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10.5 µg/kg/15W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 66,157,2002Liver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 60 µg/kg/6D- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight TXAPA9 248,178,2010Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/4D- intermittent TXAPA9 251,119,2011Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainLiver: Other changesoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1000 µg/kg/10D- intermittent TXAPA9 251,119,2011Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 251,119,2011Liver: Changes in liver weightoral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3600 ng/kg/2W- intermittent Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight TXCYAC 301,85,2012Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainSkin and Appendages: Tumorsskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 910 mg/kg/26W- continuous TOXID9 78,367,2004Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strainsLiver: Changes in liver weightskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg/20W- intermittent Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other TXAPA9 102,362,1990Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogensNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight FCTOD7 42,1217,2004Liver: Fatty liver degenerationskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 200 ng/kg/1W- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation FCTOD7 42,1217,2004skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 ng/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) FCTOD7 42,1217,2004skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport FCTOD7 42,1217,2004Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuseskin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 97 µg/kg/13W- intermittent Blood: Changes in spleen NCITR* NCI-TR-201-82Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldLiver: Other changessubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight CRNGDP 15,1143,1994Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformedsubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6300 ng/kg/9W- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases CRNGDP 15,1143,1994subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 ng/kg/20W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TXAPA9 197,212,2004subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 17 µg/kg/19W- intermittent Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures TOSCF2 69,482,2002Vascular: Structural changes in vesselssubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 170 µg/kg/19W- intermittent TOSCF2 69,482,2002Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structuressubcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 ng/kg/20W- intermittent Musculoskeletal: Other changes TOXRE* 2,472,2015Liver: Other changesunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function TOXID9 60,269,2001Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Otherunreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg/4D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 -,16,2009Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/14D- intermittent TOXID9 72,230,2003Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy)unreported route/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg/14D- intermittent Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy) TOXID9 72,121,2003unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9100 ng/kg/13W- intermittent Liver: Other changes TOXID9 72,264,2003unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 102.4 µg/kg/32D- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 44,416,2005Liver: Other changesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent TOXID9 44,416,2005Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymesEndocrine: Other changesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 51.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent TOXID9 44,416,2005Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): OtherLiver: Other changesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9.8 µg/kg/14W- intermittent TOXID9 78,19,2004Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteinsLiver: Other changesunreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.0075 µg/kg/3D- intermittent TOXID9 66,62,2002Endocrine: Other changesReviewsOrganization Standard ReferenceInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 69,33,1997International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 100F,371,2012International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 15,41,1977International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMSUDL 7,350,1987International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT 69,33,1997International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 100F,371,2012International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Group 1 IMEMDT 69,33,1997International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review:Group 1 IMEMDT 100F,371,2012TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH 59,1,1975TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPAAQ 94,125,1972TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CHRYAQ 47(2),15,1974TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 3,187,1975TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RPZHAW 26,623,1975TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BIOGAL 40(2),44,1974TOXICOLOGY REVIEW STEVA8 2,305,1974TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ 15,121,1976TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTXAV 17,95,1979TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PHTHDT 7,513,1979TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 47,141,1978TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARTODN 40,161,1978TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVSRBT 2,708,1973TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** PB82-922905TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MEPAAX 29,59,1978TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VHTODE 22,31,1980TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MGLFDB -,123,1978TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 25,257,1987TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI 22,517,1982TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARTODN 44,211,1980TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DMTRAR 13,387,1982TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI 43,309,2003TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 134,3,2002TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 138,9,2003TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 140-141,3,2003TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 561,147,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 15,431,2000TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 197,49,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 198,111,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TPHSDY 24,508,2003TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 20,441,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 32,311,2002TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EJIME* 12,406,2001TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 22,164,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 613,17,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NETOX* 26,531,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 44,1699,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,70,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,334,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENTOX* -,136,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TIHEEC 16,305,2000TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 584,1,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BCLPT* 96,131,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HETOEA 25,413,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 658,124,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 6,115,2003TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 7,1,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 9,1,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 23,337,2007TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 654,114,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 659,248,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 659,202,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 17,69,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 17,137,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTPAE7 19,111,2006TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 23,133,2007TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ITODC* -,327,2004TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HUTOX* -,551,1996TOXICOLOGY REVIEW HTOPA* 1,501,2002TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 46,813,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 674,3,2009TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 674,137,2009TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 636,36,2007TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 681,80,2009TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 590,1,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 682,94,2009TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FESTAS 89(Suppl 3),1287,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FESTAS 90,911,2008TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NEUCL* 23,377,2005TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,165,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,172,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 705,184,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,319,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,327,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 727,16,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 31,363,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 48,1439,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 728,47,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NRTXDN 31,589,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 714,105,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 717,46,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 38,1,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 34,298,2012TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EMMUEG 54,480,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EMMUEG 54,455,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 254,86,2011TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 760,1,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 764-765,36,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 45,94,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 30,89,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 210,338,2012TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 307,74,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 230,146,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 230,225,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 261,227,2012TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 764,64,2015TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUTAEX 31,117,2016TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXAPA9 266,67,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 86,298,2015TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 313,3,2013TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 325,74,2014TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NETEEC 52,25,2015TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 69,174,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 773,134,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV 774,12,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 54,141,2015TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 107,20,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TOLED5 270,88,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TXCYAC 374,60,2016TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTOD7 110,229,2017TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RTOPDW 57,43,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RTOPDW 58,79,2010TOXICOLOGY REVIEW REPTED 81,147,2018TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VETOX* ,339,2018Standards and RegulationsOrganization Standard ReferenceOccupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY MAK 0.01 ng/m3, inhal, 2011Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN 1 carc, MAY2012Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND MAK-week 10 pg/m3, inhal, skin, JAN2011NIOSH Documentation and SurveillanceOrganization Standard ReferenceNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TCDD-air Carcinogen lowest feasible concentration NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 Hazard Code X7301; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 3; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 14; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 5Status in Federal AgenciesOrganization ReferenceATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/89/214522/AS)EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Rodent dominant lethalEPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/ratEPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studiesEPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (dermal);clear evidence:mouse NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,ratNIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 40, 1984NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Known to be a human carcinogenNTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 2000NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 2000NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 2000Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health* SyndicateRegistry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)* Licensing Agreement Signed for RTECS* How Do I Access the RTECS Database?* Features of the RTECS DatabaseFollow NIOSH* YouTubeNIOSH Homepage* Workplace Safety & Health Topics* Publications and Products* Programs* Contact NIOSH* About CDC* Contact Us* 800-232-4636Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest SnapchatFacebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest Snapchat RSS* CONTACT CDCContact UsCall 800-232-4636Email Us* ABOUT CDC+ About CDC+ Jobs+ Funding* POLICIES+ Accessibility+ External Links+ Privacy+ Policies+ Web Policies+ No Fear Act+ FOIA+ OIG+ No Fear Act+ Nondiscrimination+ Vulnerability Disclosure Policy+ CDC Archive+ Public Health Publications+ HHS.gov+ USA.gov* CONNECT WITH US+ Youtube+ Snapchat* LANGUAGES+ Español+ 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