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        National Program of Cancer Registries
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    About the National Program of Cancer Registries Cancer Registries in Action Data Modernization NPCR–EDITS Contact a Registry Registry Plus Software View All
June 11, 2024
December 6, 2024
  NPCR Standards
          At a glance
          All registries funded by CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries are expected to meet established standards.
        Background
        All registries funded by CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) are expected to meet established standards. One of these standards requires that central cancer registries submit de-identified cancer data (data from which all information that could identify patients has been removed) to CDC annually.
        These data are evaluated for quality, completeness, and timeliness according to the National Data Quality Standard for 23-month data and the Advanced National Data Quality Standard for 12-month data. Data also are evaluated according to the U.S. Cancer Statistics (USCS) Publication Criteria for inclusion in data products, including the Data Visualizations tool and public use databases.
        National Data Quality Standard
        Data being evaluated for the National Data Quality Standard must meet the following five data quality criteria:
          * Data are 95% complete based on observed-to-expected cases computed by CDC.
          * There are 3% or fewer death certificate-only cases.
          * There is a 1 per 1,000 or fewer unresolved duplicate rate.A
          * The maximum percentage of missing critical data elements are:
              + 2% age
              + 2% sex
              + 3% race
              + 2% county
          * 99% pass a CDC-prescribed set of standard computerized edits.B
        Advanced National Data Quality Standard
        Data being evaluated for the Advanced National Data Quality Standard must meet the following four data quality criteria:
          * Data are 90% complete based on observed-to-expected cases computed by CDC.
          * There is a 2 per 1,000 or fewer unresolved duplicate rate.A
          * The maximum percentage of missing critical data elements are:
              + 3% age
              + 3% sex
              + 5% race
              + 3% county
          * 97% pass a CDC-prescribed set of standard computerized edits.B
        US Cancer Statistics publication criteria
        To be included in data products, central cancer registries' incidence data must meet the following five data quality criteria for all cancer sites combined:
          * No more than 5% of cases are ascertained solely on the basis of a death certificate.
          * No more than 3% of cases are missing information on age.
          * No more than 3% of cases are missing information on sex.
          * No more than 5% of cases are missing information on race.
          * At least 97% of the registry's records pass a CDC-prescribed set of standard computerized edits.B
        Case ascertainment. After years of analyzing completeness of case ascertainment, CDC has determined that NPCR registries consistently deliver high-quality, complete data. Completeness of case ascertainment calculations were discontinued as a measure of eligibility for publication starting with the November 2016 submission data. Although the completeness estimate is no longer a criterion for USCS, CDC will continue to use it to monitor and evaluate progress in meeting NPCR standards.
        See central cancer registries that met publication criteria.
                  Comparison of NPCR program standards
                    Standard                                  Completeness of case ascertainment  Records passing editsC  Death certificate only  Records missing age  Records missing sex  Records missing race  Records missing county  Duplicate rate per 1,000
                    National Data Quality StandardD           ≥95%                                ≥99%                    ≤3.0%                   ≤2.0%                ≤2.0%                ≤3.0%                 ≤2.0%                   ≤1.0                    
                    Advanced National Data Quality StandardD  ≥90%                                ≥97%                    Not applicable          ≤3.0%                ≤3.0%                ≤5.0%                 ≤3.0%                   ≤2.0                    
                    USCS Publication Standard                 Not applicable                      ≥97%                    ≤5.0%                   ≤3.0%                ≤3.0%                ≤5.0%                 Not applicable          Not applicable          
          Data are evaluated for the National Data Quality Standard and the USCS Publication Standard 23 to 24 months after the end of the diagnosis year. Data are evaluated for the Advanced National Data Quality Standard 12 to 13 months after the end of the diagnosis year.
          Footnotes
          A Because some cancer patients receive diagnostic or treatment services at more than one reporting facility, cancer registries perform a procedure known as “unduplication” to ensure that each cancer case is counted only once.
          B Computerized edits are computer programs that test the validity and logic of data components. For example, if an 80-year-old patient was diagnosed with cancer in 2000, and the patient's year of birth was reported as 1980, a computerized edit could identify these facts as incompatible. The computerized edits applied to cancer statistics data were designed by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program for use by registries. During the 1990s, these edits were expanded and incorporated into North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) standards and into CDC's EDITS software. Edits, and the accompanying software, are reviewed and updated routinely to maintain consistency with clinical practices and abstracting and coding standards.
          C Edits include single-field, inter-field, and inter-record edits.
          D For the NPCR National Data Quality Standard and the NPCR Advanced National Data Quality Standard, the measurement error for completeness of case ascertainment is 1.0%. The measurement error for records missing age, sex, race, or county is 0.4%.
          On This Page
              * Background
              * National Data Quality Standard
              * Advanced National Data Quality Standard
              * US Cancer Statistics publication criteria
              * Footnotes
            Related Pages
              * About the National Program of Cancer Registries
              * NPCR Timeline
              * How Cancer Registries Work
              * Tracking Pediatric and Young Adult Cancer Cases
              * Accurate Cancer Data on American Indian and Alaska Native People Can Help Expand Services
            View All NPCR
      How Cancer Registries Work
    June 11, 2024
    December 6, 2024
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          National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Division of Cancer Prevention and Control
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            * Because some cancer patients receive diagnostic or treatment services at more than one reporting facility, cancer registries perform a procedure known as “unduplication” to ensure that each cancer case is counted only once.
            * Computerized edits are computer programs that test the validity and logic of data components. For example, if an 80-year-old patient was diagnosed with cancer in 2000, and the patient's year of birth was reported as 1980, a computerized edit could identify these facts as incompatible. The computerized edits applied to cancer statistics data were designed by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program for use by registries. During the 1990s, these edits were expanded and incorporated into North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) standards and into CDC's EDITS software. Edits, and the accompanying software, are reviewed and updated routinely to maintain consistency with clinical practices and abstracting and coding standards.
            * Edits include single-field, inter-field, and inter-record edits.
            * For the NPCR National Data Quality Standard and the NPCR Advanced National Data Quality Standard, the measurement error for completeness of case ascertainment is 1.0%. The measurement error for records missing age, sex, race, or county is 0.4%.
        Related Pages
          * About the National Program of Cancer Registries
          * NPCR Timeline
          * How Cancer Registries Work
          * Tracking Pediatric and Young Adult Cancer Cases
          * Accurate Cancer Data on American Indian and Alaska Native People Can Help Expand Services
        View All NPCR
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