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Original site: www.cdc.gov/epiinfo/user-guide/getting-started/acknowledgements.html | RestoredCDC.org is an independent project, not affiliated with CDC or any federal entity. Visit CDC.gov for free official information. Due to archival on January 6, 2025, recent outbreak data is unavailable. Videos are not restored. Access data.restoredcdc.org for restored data. Use of this site implies acceptance of this disclaimer.[More]About Us Report Bug Compare ContentSkip directly to site content Skip directly to searchEspañol | Other LanguagesHere's how you knowAn official website of the United States government Here's how you knowEpi Info™Epi Info™Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving Lives, Protecting People Epi Info™SearchSearch Menu Navigation MenuSubmitEpi Info™* Getting Started+ BACKGetting Started+ System Requirements+ Conventions Used in this Guide+ Navigating Epi Info 7+ Syntax Notations+ Tech Support and Contacts+ Acknowledgements+ Epi Info™ Home* Form Designer+ BACKForm Designer+ Introduction+ Navigate the Workspace+ Open a Recent Project+ Create a New Project+ Tips Before You Begin+ New Project from Template+ New Form in Existing Project+ Open Existing Project+ Close Project+ Pages+ Undo/Redo+ Check Code+ Entering Data+ Fieldso BACKFieldso BACKForm Designer Fieldso Label/Titleo Texto Text Uppercaseo Multilineo Numbero Phone Numbero Dateo Timeo Date-Timeo Checkboxo Yes-Noo Optiono Command Buttono Imageo Mirroro Grido Legal Valueo Comment Legalo Codeso Relateo Groupo Field Attributeso Epi Info™ Home+ Tab Order+ Templates+ Insert Line+ Upgrade a Project+ Make a PRJ File+ Delete Data Tables+ Data Dictionary+ Make Form from Data Table+ Epi Info™ Home* Check Code+ BACKCheck Code+ Program Editor+ Navigating the Editor+ Check Code Commands+ More Commands+ EpiWeek Function+ Check Code Syntax+ Epi Info™ Home* Enter Data+ BACKEnter Data+ Navigate the Workspace+ Entering Data+ Save a Page or Record+ Find Records+ Epi Info™ Home* Web Survey+ BACKWeb Survey+ System Deployment+ Designing Forms for Web+ Supported Field Types+ Supported Commands+ Check Code Performance+ Web Survey Compatibility+ Initial Setup+ Publish a Form+ Invite Participants+ Access the Survey URL+ Submitting Responses+ Saving a Partial Survey+ Importing Survey Results+ Epi Info™ Home* Companion for Android+ BACKCompanion for Android+ Initial Set Up+ Designing for Mobile+ Copy Form to Mobile Device+ Mobile Data Collection+ Data Transfer+ Cloud Synchronization+ StatCalc on Mobile Devices+ Analyze Data+ Epi Info™ Home* Data Packager+ BACKData Packager+ Package for Transport+ Import from Package+ Epi Info™ Home* Visual Dashboard+ BACKVisual Dashboard+ Select Data Source+ Analysis Gadgetso BACKAnalysis Gadgetso BACKVisual Dashboard Analysis Gadgetso Line Listo Frequencyo Word Cloudo Combined Frequencyo M x N / 2 x 2 Tableo Matched Pair Case-Controlo Meanso Duplicates Listo Chartso Advanced Statisticso Epi Info™ Home+ Working with Canvases+ Defining Variables+ Data Filters+ Display and Gadget Filters+ Data Dictionary+ Report Gadgets+ Epi Info™ Home* Classic Analysis+ BACKClassic Analysis+ Manage Data+ ASSIGN Command+ Manage Variables+ Select Records+ Display Stats and Records+ Manage Output+ User-Defined Commands+ Create User Interaction+ Advanced Statistics+ Epi Info™ Home* Maps+ BACKMaps+ Basic Tools+ Basic Functions+ Save+ Add a Data Layer+ Case Cluster+ Choropleth/Dot Density Maps+ Base Layer+ Epi Info™ Home* Translation+ BACKTranslation+ How to Translate Epi Info+ Create New Language MDB+ Use Existing Language MDB+ Choose a Language to Use+ Epi Info™ Home* Nutritional Anthropometry+ BACKNutritional Anthropometry+ The Nutrition Project+ NutStat Growth Charts+ Nutrition Functions+ Epi Info™ Home* StatCalc+ BACKStatCalc+ Introduction+ Tables (2 x 2, 2 x n)+ Population Survey or Descriptive Study+ Cohort and Cross-Sectional+ Unmatched Case-Control+ Chi Square for Trend+ Poisson+ Binomial+ Matched Pair Case-Control+ Visual Dashboard+ OpenEpi+ Epi Info™ Home* Command Reference+ BACKCommand Reference+ Analysis Commandso BACKAnalysis Commandso BACKCommand Reference Analysis Commandso ASSIGNo BEEPo Cancel SELECTo Cancel SORTo CLOSEOUTo COXPHo DEFINEo DEFINE DLLOBJECTo DEFINE GROUPo DELETE FILE/TABLEo DELETE RECORDSo DIALOGo DISPLAYo EXECUTEo FREQ (Frequency)o GRAPHo IF-THEN-ELSEo KMSURVIVALo LISTo LOGISTICo MEANSo MERGEo PRINTOUTo QUITo READo RECODEo REGRESSo RELATEo ROUTEOUTo RUNPGMo SELECTo SETo SORTo SUMMARIZEo TABLESo TYPEOUTo UNDEFINEo UNDELETEo WRITEo Epi Info™ Home+ Check Code Commandso BACKCheck Code Commandso BACKCommand Reference Check Code Commandso AFTER / END-AFTERo ASSIGNo AUTOSEARCHo BEEPo BEFORE / END-BEFOREo CLEARo CLICK / END-CLICKo COMMENTS (*)o DEFINEo DEFINE DLLOBJECTo EXECUTEo GOTOo HIDEo IF-THEN-ELSEo NEWRECORDo UNHIDEo Epi Info™ Home+ Epi Info™ Home* Functions & Operators* Epi Info™ HomeEpi Info™Epi Info™ HomeEpi Info™ User GuideAcknowledgementsRelated PagesGetting StartedAcknowledgementsA Database and Statistics Program for Public Health ProfessionalsCore Epi Info Team (in alphabetical order):* Sachin Agnihotri* José Aponte* Tom Arner* David Brown* Harold Collins* John Copeland* Ninad Date* Karen DeRosa* Roger Friedman* Zack Gao* James Haines* Asad Islam (Team Leader)* Gerald Jones* Erik Knudsen* Mohammed Lamtahri* Matthew Lantinga* Leslyn McNabb* Kishore Meduri* Jeremy Miller* Roger Mir* Victor Natick* Chelsea Navo* David Nitschke* Suma Paritala* Julio Rodriguez-Estevez* Ilana Schafer* Daniel Shorter* Meng Hua Shu* Donald Chris Smith* Godha Sunki* Thomasine Thomas* Mohammad Usman* Carol WorshamSpecial thanks to:* Sara Bedrosian* Doug Bialecki* Sara Branch* Karl August Brendel, III* Andy Dean* Robert Fagan* Gabriel Rainisch* Donald Chris Smith* Enrique NievesSuggested citation: Dean AG, Arner TG, Sunki GG, Friedman R, Lantinga M, Sangam S, Zubieta JC, Sullivan KM, Brendel KA, Gao Z, Fontaine N, Shu M, Fuller G, Smith DC, Nitschke DA, and Fagan RF. Epi Info™, a database and statistics program for public health professionals. CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2011.Additional thanks to:EIS Epi Info 7 Workgroup* Sudhir Bunga* Timothy Cunningham* Nancy Fleischer* Alyson Goodman* Asha Ivy* Jeffrey Miller* Timothy Minniear (Chairperson)* Diane Morof* Cyrus Shahpar* Danielle Tack* Christopher Taylor* Ellen YardPHPS Epi Info 7 Workgroup* Tegan L. Callahan* Sarah Elkerholm* Coby E. Jansen* Amy V. Neuwelt* Cristina M. Rodriguez Hart* Tina J. Sang* Anna S. Talman (Chairperson)* Angela s. Tang* Sharron H. Wyatt* Angela Aina* Valerie Bampoe* Sandi Brown* Martin Celaya* Turquoise Griffith* Tiffany Humbert-Rico (Co-Chair)* Abigail Johnson* Clinton McDaniel* Kara McGinnis (Co-Chair)* Sadiya Muqueeth* Judith Robinson* Julie Shaffner* Delia Tibbs* Rebekah TurnerSpecial thanks to past contributions:Previous versions produced in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland, by Andrew G. Dean, Jeffrey A. Dean, Denis Coulombier, Anthony H. Burton, Karl A. Brendel, Donald C. Smith, Richard C. Dicker, Kevin M. Sullivan, Thomas G. Arner, and Robert F. Fagan.* Manual by Andrew G. Dean, Juan Carlos Zubieta, Kevin M. Sullivan, Cecile Delhumeau, Ralph H. Lord, Jr., Shonna Luten, and Shannon Jones.* Tutorial exercises by Juan Carlos Zubieta, Consuelo M. Beck-Sagué, G. Allen Tindol, Karen DeRosa, Jinghong Ma, and Shannon Jones.Division of Epidemiology and Analytic MethodsEpidemiology and Analysis Program OfficeOffice of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory ServicesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)1600 Clifton Road, (Mail Stop E-33)Atlanta, GA 30333This manual and the programs are in the public domain and may be freely copied, translated, and distributed. All are available at www.cdc.gov/epiinfo.Additional AcknowledgementsStatClac algorithms and formulas provided by OpenEpi.com.Aberration detection algorithms provided by the CDC’s Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS). For more information on EARS visit: http://emergency.cdc.gov/surveillance/ears/Equations AcknowledgementsWe thank Drs. David Martin and Harland Austin for use of their source code for computing exact and mid-p exact statistical tests and confidence intervals for the odds and rate ratios. Thanks to reviewers of this chapter who provided comments, and to the software testers.Epi Info’s Nutrition Project File (replaces NutStat) AcknowledgementsSpecial thanks to Kevin Sullivan, Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Nathan Gorstein, WHO; Phillip Neibrug, M.D., M.P.H., Norman Staehling, M.S., Ronald Fichtner, Ph.D., and Frederick Trowbridge, M.D., CDC, for their assistance in preparing the Epi Info™ 6 manual upon which portions of this manual are based.NotesThese programs are provided in the public domain to promote public health. We encourage you to provide copies of the programs and the manual to friends and colleagues. The programs may be freely translated, copied, distributed, or even sold without restriction except as noted below. No warranty is made or implied for use of the software for any particular purpose.“Epi Info” is a trademark of the CDC. Please observe the following requests:The programs can be translated and the examples altered for regional use, but must be distributed in essentially the form supplied by CDC.Epi Info is written in C# .NET and runs on version 3.5 of the Microsoft .NET Framework.Microsoft, Windows, Word, and Visual Basic are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp. Trade names are used for identification or examples; no endorsement of particular products is intended or implied. The use of trade names or trademarks in this manual does not imply that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may be used freely by anyone.Technical SupportFor new versions of the software and answers to commonly asked questions, please visit the Epi Info website at https://www.cdc.gov/epiinfo. Technical assistance is provided through our Epi Info Service Desk portal hosted by Atlassian. The Epi Info User Community Questions and Answers provides a forum for user to post questions and other users or members of our Help Desk team to post answers: https://epiinfo.atlassian.net/wiki/questions.If you see a message like “Access denied”, you may need to visit https://epiinfo.atlassian.net/servicedesk/customer/portal/1/user/signup to sign up for an account and then, while signed in, visit the questions link above.Contact UsPlease send comments and suggestions for future versions to the Epi Info Service Desk by going to:https://epiinfo.atlassian.net/servicedesk/customer/portal/1/user/signupIf you already have an account, click the “Log In” link or you can log in to your existing account here:https://epiinfo.atlassian.net/servicedesk/customer/user/loginOtherwise, please submit your email address to receive a private sign up link.Last Reviewed: September 16, 2022, 12:00 pmSource: Office of Public Health Data, Surveillance, and Technology* Syndicatehome User Guide* Getting Started plus icon+ System Requirements+ Conventions Used in this Guide+ Navigating Epi Info 7+ Syntax Notations+ Tech Support and Contacts+ Acknowledgements* Form Designer plus icon+ Introduction+ Navigate the Workspace+ Open a Recent Project+ Create a New Project+ Tips Before You Begin+ New Project from Template+ New Form in Existing Project+ Open Existing Project+ Close Project+ Pages+ Undo/Redo+ Check Code+ Entering Data+ Fields plus icono Label/Titleo Texto Text Uppercaseo Multilineo Numbero Phone Numbero Dateo Timeo Date-Timeo Checkboxo Yes-Noo Optiono Command Buttono Imageo Mirroro Grido Legal Valueo Comment Legalo Codeso Relateo Groupo Field Attributes+ Tab Order+ Templates+ Insert Line+ Upgrade a Project+ Make a PRJ File+ Delete Data Tables+ Data Dictionary+ Make Form from Data Table* Check Code plus icon+ Program Editor+ Navigating the Editor+ Check Code Commands+ More Commands+ EpiWeek Function+ Check Code Syntax* Enter Data plus icon+ Navigate the Workspace+ Entering Data+ Save a Page or Record+ Find Records* Web Survey plus icon+ System Deployment+ Designing Forms for Web+ Supported Field Types+ Supported Commands+ Check Code Performance+ Web Survey Compatibility+ Initial Setup+ Publish a Form+ Invite Participants+ Access the Survey URL+ Submitting Responses+ Saving a Partial Survey+ Importing Survey Results* Companion for Android plus icon+ Initial Set Up+ Designing for Mobile+ Copy Form to Mobile Device+ Mobile Data Collection+ Data Transfer+ Cloud Synchronization+ StatCalc on Mobile Devices+ Analyze Data* Data Packager plus icon+ Package for Transport+ Import from Package* Visual Dashboard plus icon+ Select Data Source+ Analysis Gadgets plus icono Line Listo Frequencyo Word Cloudo Combined Frequencyo M x N / 2 x 2 Tableo Matched Pair Case-Controlo Meanso Duplicates Listo Chartso Advanced Statistics+ Working with Canvases+ Defining Variables+ Data Filters+ Display and Gadget Filters+ Data Dictionary+ Report Gadgets* Classic Analysis plus icon+ Manage Data+ ASSIGN Command+ Manage Variables+ Select Records+ Display Stats and Records+ Manage Output+ User-Defined Commands+ Create User Interaction+ Advanced Statistics* Maps plus icon+ Basic Tools+ Basic Functions+ Save+ Add a Data Layer+ Case Cluster+ Choropleth/Dot Density Maps+ Base Layer* Translation plus icon+ How to Translate Epi Info+ Create New Language MDB+ Use Existing Language MDB+ Choose a Language to Use* Nutritional Anthropometry plus icon+ The Nutrition Project+ NutStat Growth Charts+ Nutrition Functions* StatCalc plus icon+ Introduction+ Tables (2 x 2, 2 x n)+ Population Survey or Descriptive Study+ Cohort and Cross-Sectional+ Unmatched Case-Control+ Chi Square for Trend+ Poisson+ Binomial+ Matched Pair Case-Control+ Visual Dashboard+ OpenEpi* Command Reference plus icon+ Analysis Commands plus icono ASSIGNo BEEPo Cancel SELECTo Cancel SORTo CLOSEOUTo COXPHo DEFINEo DEFINE DLLOBJECTo DEFINE GROUPo DELETE FILE/TABLEo DELETE RECORDSo DIALOGo DISPLAYo EXECUTEo FREQ (Frequency)o GRAPHo IF-THEN-ELSEo KMSURVIVALo LISTo LOGISTICo MEANSo MERGEo PRINTOUTo QUITo READo RECODEo REGRESSo RELATEo ROUTEOUTo RUNPGMo SELECTo SETo SORTo SUMMARIZEo TABLESo TYPEOUTo UNDEFINEo UNDELETEo WRITE+ Check Code Commands plus icono AFTER / END-AFTERo ASSIGNo AUTOSEARCHo BEEPo BEFORE / END-BEFOREo CLEARo CLICK / END-CLICKo COMMENTS (*)o DEFINEo DEFINE DLLOBJECTo EXECUTEo GOTOo HIDEo IF-THEN-ELSEo NEWRECORDo UNHIDE* Functions & OperatorsRelated Links* Epi Info™ 7 Tutorial Videos* Epi Info™ 7 User Guide* Epi Info™ Community Questions & Answers* ActivEpi Web - explains concepts and methods* OpenEpi - makes computations* About CDC* Contact Us* 800-232-4636Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest SnapchatFacebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest Snapchat RSS* CONTACT CDCContact UsCall 800-232-4636Email Us* ABOUT CDC+ About CDC+ Jobs+ Funding* POLICIES+ Accessibility+ External Links+ Privacy+ Policies+ Web Policies+ No Fear Act+ FOIA+ OIG+ No Fear Act+ Nondiscrimination+ Vulnerability Disclosure Policy+ CDC Archive+ Public Health Publications+ HHS.gov+ USA.gov* CONNECT WITH US+ Youtube+ Snapchat* LANGUAGES+ Español+ 繁體中文+ Tiếng Việt+ 한국어+ Tagalog+ Русский+ العربية+ Kreyòl Ayisyen+ Français+ Polski+ Português+ Italiano+ Deutsch+ 日本語+ فارسی+ English* U.S. Department of Health & Human Services* Accessibility* External Links* Privacy* Policies* Web Policies* FOIA* OIG* No Fear Act* FOIA* Nondiscrimination* OIG* Vulnerability Disclosure Policy* CDC Archive* Public Health Publications* HHS.gov* USA.govContent Credential×This image was edited or created using GenAI (generative artificial intelligence).Our experts review all images in an effort to ensure accuracy and quality before use.Learn more about CDC's usage of GenAI.
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