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        Campylobacter Infection (Campylobacteriosis)
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May 10, 2024
  Guillain-Barré Syndrome
          At a glance
            * Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare condition that causes nerve damage.
            * Symptoms include muscle weakness, tingling, and sometimes paralysis.
            * Campylobacter infection is one of the most common causes of GBS in the United States.
        Overview
        Guillain-Barré (Ghee-YAN Bah-RAY) syndrome happens when a person’s immune system harms their nerves. This harm causes muscle weakness and sometimes paralysis.
        Symptoms
        Early symptoms of GBS include weakness and tingling.
        People with GBS usually first feel these symptoms in both legs. Then, they might feel these symptoms in their arms and upper body.
        Symptoms can progress over hours, days, or weeks.
        The weakness can increase until people cannot use some muscles. In severe cases, people can become paralyzed.
        Outlook
        People with GBS need to be hospitalized.
        Most people start to recover 2–3 weeks after symptoms start. Recovery may take as little as a few weeks or as long as a few years.
        Most people recover fully, but some have permanent nerve damage. Some people have died from GBS.
        Causes of GBS
        Campylobacter infection
        Campylobacter infection is one of the most common causes of GBS in the United States.
          * About 1 in every 1,000 people with Campylobacter infection gets GBS.
          * At least 1 in every 20 people with GBS had a recent Campylobacter infection.
              + Some studies found as many as 8 in every 20 people with GBS had a recent Campylobacter infection.
        Other causes
        Several other things can lead to GBS. These include:
          * Diarrhea or a respiratory illness: About 2 in every 3 people had diarrhea or a respiratory illness before developing GBS.
          * Viral infection: Some people with GBS had the flu or infection with cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, Zika virus, or other viruses.
          * Vaccination: Very rarely, people have developed GBS after getting certain vaccines.
          Keep in mind‎
              Benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risks. For example, studies have shown that people are more likely to get GBS after having the flu than after getting a flu vaccine.
        Other information about GBS
        Number of people affected
        GBS is rare. CDC estimates that only about 3,000–6,000 people develop GBS each year in the United States.
        Risk factors
        Anyone can develop GBS. However, in the United States, GBS is more common in men and people older than 50.
        Outbreaks
        GBS is not contagious and outbreaks of GBS are very rare.
        Most often, an outbreak of GBS is linked to another outbreak. For example, a GBS outbreak can happen if more than one person involved in an outbreak of Campylobacter infections develops GBS.
        Learn about an outbreak of GBS that spanned an international border.
        Resources
        To learn more about GBS, including diagnosis and treatment
          * Talk to your doctor or healthcare provider
          * Read the Guillain-Barré factsheet from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes
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            * Causes of GBS
            * Other information about GBS
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    Outbreaks of Campylobacter Infections
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    Outbreaks of Campylobacter
  May 10, 2024
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