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Original site: www.cdc.gov/birth-defects/about/anencephaly.html | RestoredCDC.org is an independent project, not affiliated with CDC or any federal entity. Visit CDC.gov for free official information. Due to archival on January 6, 2025, recent outbreak data is unavailable. Videos are not restored. Access data.restoredcdc.org for restored data. Use of this site implies acceptance of this disclaimer.[More]About Us Report Bug Compare ContentSkip directly to site content Skip directly to search Skip directly to On This PageAn official website of the United States governmentHere's how you knowOfficial websites use .govA .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.Secure .gov websites use HTTPSA lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.Birth DefectsExplore TopicsSearchSearchClear InputFor Everyone* About* Screening* Preventing* Talking with Your Healthcare Provider* Birth Defects Statistics* Birth Defects Resources* Birth Defects Awareness Month* Living with Down Syndrome* View allHealth Care Providers* Conversation Tips* Growth Charts for Down Syndrome* View allPublic Health* Accessing NBDPS and BD-STEPS Data* Birth Defects Awareness Month Social Media Resources* View allRelated Topics:Pregnancy | Folic Acid | About Alcohol Use During PregnancyView Allsearch close searchsearchBirth Defects Menu CloseBirth Defects MenusearchFor Everyone* About* Screening* Preventing* Talking with Your Healthcare Provider* Birth Defects Statistics* Birth Defects Resources* Birth Defects Awareness Month* Living with Down Syndrome* View All HomeHealth Care Providers* Conversation Tips* Growth Charts for Down Syndrome* View AllPublic Health* Accessing NBDPS and BD-STEPS Data* Birth Defects Awareness Month Social Media Resources* View AllRelated Topics* Pregnancy* Folic Acid* About Alcohol Use During PregnancyView All Birth DefectsAbout Screening Preventing Talking with Your Healthcare Provider Birth Defects Statistics Birth Defects Resources Birth Defects Awareness Month Living with Down Syndrome View AllNovember 19, 2024December 26, 2024EspañolAnencephalyKey points* Anencephaly (an-en-sef-ah-lee) is a serious birth defect where a baby is without parts of the brain and skull at birth.* Almost all babies born with anencephaly will die shortly after birth.* Researchers estimate that about 1 in every 5,250 babies has anencephaly in the United States.What it isAnencephaly is where a baby is without parts of the brain and skull at birth. It is fatal and there is no cure or treatment.Anencephaly is a type of neural tube defect (NTD). During early pregnancy, the neural tube develops into the baby's brain and spine. The upper part helps form the baby's brain and skull, and the lower part forms the spinal cord and back bones.In anencephaly, the upper part of the neural tube does not close all the way. At birth, the baby often has noIn anencephaly, the upper part of the neural tube does not close all the way. At birth, the baby often has no:* front part of the brain (forebrain)* Front part of the brain (forebrain)* thinking and coordinating part of the brain (cerebrum)* Thinking and coordinating part of the brain (cerebrum)* bone or skin covering the remaining parts of the brain.* Bone or skin covering the remaining parts of the brainView LargerDownloadInfants born with anencephaly are missing portions of brain and skull.Risk factorsWe do not know all the causes of anencephaly, but certain factors can affect the chances of a baby having anencephaly. Examples are a change in the baby’s genes or a combination of genes and other factors.Researchers have identified factors in pregnant people that might increase the chance for anencephaly:Researchers have identified factors in pregnant women that might increase the chance for anencephaly:* Low folate (vitamin B9) levels during early pregnancy1* Pre-existing health conditions, such as diabetes, that are not well controlled* Certain medications, such as antiseizure medications* Overheating (like getting in a hot tub) or feverImportance of Folic AcidImportance of Folic AcidHaving the needed amount of folate in your blood is important. Taking 400 micrograms of folic acid daily before and during early pregnancy can help prevent an NTD.Continue for more about folic acidScreening and diagnosisHealthcare providers may diagnose anencephaly during pregnancy or after birth.During pregnancyDuring pregnancy, there are tests to check for birth defects and other conditions. Being pregnant with a baby with anencephaly can result in an abnormal result on a blood or serum test. Anencephaly can also be seen during an ultrasound exam.After birthIn some cases, anencephaly might not be diagnosed until after birth. At that time. healthcare providers can see anencephaly immediately.Expected outcomesThere is no known cure or standard treatment for anencephaly. Pregnancy loss is high. Almost all babies born with anencephaly will die shortly after birth.Keep Reading: Stillbirth ResourcesOn This Page* What it is* Risk factors* Screening and diagnosis* Expected outcomesRelated Pages* Anotiaa>* About* Specific Birth Defects* Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia* Anotia/Microtia* Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate* Craniosynostosis*View All Birth DefectsAnophthalmia/MicrophthalmiaBack to TopDecember 26, 2024Anophthalmiaspan>November 19, 2024Sources Print ShareFacebook LinkedIn Twitter SyndicateContent Source:National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental DisabilitiesReferences1. Crider KS, Qi YP, Yeung LF, Mai CT, Head Zauche L, Wang A, Daniels K, Williams JL. Folic Acid and the Prevention of Birth Defects: 30 Years of Opportunity and Controversies. Annu Rev Nutr. 2022 Aug 22;42:423-452.Sources* Stallings, E. B., Isenburg, J. L., Rutkowski, R. E., Kirby, R. S., Nembhard, W.N., Sandidge, T., Villavicencio, S., Nguyen, H. H., McMahon, D. M., Nestoridi, E., Pabst, L. J., for the National Birth Defects Prevention Network. National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2016–2020. Birth Defects Research. 2024 Jan;116(1), e2301.Related Pages* Anotiaa>* About* Specific Birth Defects* Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia* Anotia/Microtia* Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate* Craniosynostosis*View All Birth DefectsBack to TopBirth DefectsAbout one in every 33 babies is born with a birth defect. Although not all birth defects can be prevented, people can increase their chances of having a healthy baby by managing health conditions and adopting healthy behaviors before becoming pregnant.View AllFor Everyone* About* Screening* Preventing* Talking with Your Healthcare Provider* Birth Defects Statistics* Birth Defects Resources* Birth Defects Awareness Month* Living with Down Syndrome* View allHealth Care Providers* Conversation Tips* Growth Charts for Down SyndromePublic Health* Accessing NBDPS and BD-STEPS Data* Birth Defects Awareness Month Social Media ResourcesSign up for Email UpdatesContact UsContact Us* Call 800-232-4636* Contact CDCAbout CDCAbout CDC* Pressroom* Organization* Budget & Funding* Careers & JobsPolicies* Accessibility* External Links* Privacy* Web Policies* FOIA* OIG* No Fear Act* Nondiscrimination* Vulnerability Disclosure PolicyLanguagesLanguages* EspañolLanguage Assistance* Español* 繁體中文* Tiếng Việt* 한국어* Tagalog* Русский* العربية* Kreyòl Ayisyen* Français* Polski* Português* Italiano* Deutsch* 日本語* فارسی* EnglishArchive* CDC Archive* Public Health PublicationsContact UsContact Us* Call 800-232-4636* Contact CDCAbout CDC* Pressroom* Organization* Budget & Funding* Careers & Jobs* About CDCPolicies* Accessibility* External Links* Privacy* Web Policies* FOIA* OIG* No Fear Act* Nondiscrimination* Vulnerability Disclosure PolicyLanguagesLanguages* EspañolLanguage Assistance* Español* 繁體中文* Tiếng Việt* 한국어* Tagalog* Русский* العربية* Kreyòl Ayisyen* Français* Polski* Português* Italiano* Deutsch* 日本語* فارسی* EnglishArchive* CDC Archive* Public Health PublicationsHHS.gov USA.gov
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