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                                          第 2 卷第 2 期，2005 年 4 月                                                                                                                                                                   
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第 2 卷第 2 期，2005 年 4 月
                                          社区案例研究                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                          犹他州家庭高危险项目：弥补基因组信息和公众健康之间的空白                                                                                                                                                            
 
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                                          Jenny Johnson, Rebecca T. Giles, MPH, LaDene Larsen, RN, Joan Ware, MSPH, RN, Ted Adams, PhD, MSPH, Steven C. Hunt, PhD                                                                 
                                          建议在引用本文时注明下列出处：由 Johnson J, Giles RT, Larsen L, Ware J, Adams T, Hunt SC. 所著的《犹他州家庭高危险项目：弥补基因组信息和公众健康之间的空白》 [摘要]。2005 年 4 月 [引用日期] 刊载于《慢性疾病预防》[网上期刊]。可从下面网址获取： http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/  
                                          issues/2005/                                                                                                                                                                            
                                          apr/04_0132_zhs.htm。                                                                                                                                                                    
                                          经同行评审                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                          摘要                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          背景                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          家族病史是一个简单但强大的基因组工具，可用于确定那些有疾病危险的个体和全部人口，例如心脏病、癌症和糖尿病。除了将它用于疾病预测之外，家族病史通常未能在公众健康项目中得到充分利用。                                                                                               
                                          环境                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          在犹他州实施的一项方案用于确定有各种慢性病危险的家庭。犹他州的人口特征在美国各州中是非常独特的。虽然该州地域面积辽阔，但大多数居民都集中居住在相对较小的地理范围内。由于 70% 的居民都信仰宗教，因此使得详细的家族病史可以很好地记录下来，而且很多家庭还保留了可追溯至 1800 年代的记录。                                       
                                          方法                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          从 1983 年到 1999 年，犹他州健康部、各地方健康部、校区、犹他大学与 Baylor 医学院联合实施并进行了一项家庭高风险项目，该项目在犹他州各高中发放“健康家庭树调查问卷”以确定有慢性病风险的家庭。                                                                                
                                          成果                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          收集家族病史是一项用于确定和干预高风险人口的高成本效益方法，超过 80% 的合格家庭同意全面参加此项目。共收集了 80,611 个有效的家庭树。在 151,188 个犹他州参与家庭中，共有 8546 个家庭被确定为疾病高风险家庭，因而向他们提供了进一步干预。                                                       
                                          解释                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                          此项目采用了革命性的设计并证明家族病史能够弥补在基因学进步与公众健康实际情况之间的空白。                                                                                                                                            
    The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.  
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